Someshwara died in AD 1178. According to Prithviraj Raso, Someshwar's brother Kanrai killed Raja Pratapsinh Solanki of Anhilwara due to a misunderstanding in the full court of Ajmer. On this the Solanki ruler of Anhilwara Bhola Bhima (AD 1179-1242) attacked Ajmer to avenge the murder of his father Pratapsinh Solanki. King Someshwar was killed in the attack of Bhola Bhima.
'Rasmala' mentions the incident of Pratap Singh's death at the hands of Kanrai but also says that Bhola Bhima gave up his determination to attack Ajmer because at that time a Muslim invader was on campaign against Anhilwara.
According to Prithviraj Raso, Prithviraj (III) invaded Gujarat to avenge the murder of his father Someshvara and killed Bhola Bhima. Prithviraj Vijay neither mentions Bhola Bhima's Ajmer campaign nor does Prithviraj attack Bhola Bhima.
The last inscription of King Someshwar is dated 18 August 1178, which has been found from a place called Aonvalda. Whereas the first inscription of Prithviraj Chauhan is found on 14 March 1179 from Badalya. Therefore, it is estimated that between these two dates King Someshwar died and Prithviraj was coronated. Prithviraj was only 12-13 years old at that time.
Prithviraj Chauhan was born in AD 1166 in Gujarat. When Prithviraj's father Someshwar came from Gujarat and became the king of Ajmer, at that time Prithviraj's age was only 3 years and his younger brother Hariraj's age was only 2 years. Both the princes were born in Anhilpatan or Anhilwara in the palace of Chaulukyas.
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After becoming the king of Ajmer, Someshwar Chauhan made good arrangements for the education and initiation of his sons, due to which both the princes became proficient in both weapons and scriptures. The education of these two princes was the Saraswati Kanthabharan Pathshala of Ajmer, which was built by Prithviraj's uncle Vigraharaj IV and which is now called the two-and-a-half-din-ka-jumpda.
He was given training in exercise, horse riding, gazchalan, hunting and archery. According to Prithviraj Raso, Prithviraj was proficient in wielding word-baring arrows.
It is mentioned in the history books that the child Prithviraj was made proficient in 64 arts and 14 Vidyas. It is said in Prithviraj Vijay that Prince Prithviraj was taught Dharmashastra, painting, music, Indrajaal, poetry, commerce Vinaya, Sanskrit and Apabhramsa, as well as many indigenous languages, the language of birds and mathematics.
King Prithviraj used to wear and carry 36 types of weapons including sword, spear and bow. It is written in Prithviraj Vijay that King Prithviraj knew six languages namely Sanskrit, Apabhramsa, Prakrit, Paishachi, Magadhi and Shoorsaini.
King Prithviraj Chauhan is known as Prithviraj Chauhan and Rai Pithora in the history of India. He has also been called Prithviraj (III), Bharateshwar and Sapadalaksheshwar in the history books written in modern times. In Prithviraj Vijay, he has been called Gurjararaj and Marugurjaraj, which means - the lord of the country of Gurjar or Maru-Gurjar.
In fact, before the rise of the Chauhans and Pratiharas and after the defeat of the Hunas, the Gujjars ruled the vast region from Didwana in the northern part of Jodhpur state to Bharonch in the south of Gujarat. For this reason this region was called Gurjar Pradesh. When the Pratiharas became the rulers of this region, they took pride in calling themselves Gurjara-Pratiharas.
Just as he defeated the Guptas and assumed the titles Parambhattaraka etc., similarly he conquered the Gurjar region and called himself Gurjareshwar. Jayanak propounded the importance of Chauhans by calling them Gurjareshwar. The southern part of the same ancient Gurjar region is still known as Gujarat. We will discuss the Gurjareshwar title of Prithviraj in detail in every place.
Due to the young age of Prithviraj while sitting on the throne, his mother Karpoor Devi started running the rule of Ajmer. Rajmata Karpoor Devi was the princess of Chedi country and was a skilled politician. He handled the kingdom of his young son with great skill. He made the Dahima Rajput Kadambavas as his prime minister, who has also been mentioned in the history books as Kembavas and Kaimas. Kadambavas protected his master's shatgunas and sent armies all around to protect the kingdom.
The prime minister was Kadambavas Vidyanuragi, who had the distinction of presiding over the debates of Padmaprabha and Jinapati Suri. He ruled with great royalty. The services of Kadambavas in the suppression of serpents were commendable.
The Chandelas and Mohils also did a great service to the kingdom of Shakambhari during this period. Karpurdevi's uncle Bhuvnayak Malla came to Ajmer from Gujarat to take care of Prithviraj. He is also called Bhuvanamalla or Bhuvanikamal in the history books. Thus Bhuvanamalla, brother of Prithviraj's maternal grandfather, started working for the welfare of King Prithviraj. Just as Garuda freed Rama and Lakshmana from Meghnad's nagpasha, Bhuvanamalla kept Prithviraj free from enemies.
The period of patronage of Rajmata Karpurdevi was short, but during this period Ajmer became a more prosperous and prosperous city. King Prithviraj studied many languages and scriptures under the tutelage of Karpooradevi and made his talent more prosperous under the guidance of his mother. During this period, King Prithviraj acquired proficiency in state-work and determined his future plans, which is evidenced by his continuous conquest plans.
Prithviraj Vijay, also known as Prithviraj Mahakavyam, written by Jayanak, the court poet of Prithviraj Chauhan, has written that the credit of the early victories and governance arrangements of King Prithviraj can be attributed to Karpurdevi, who in his discretion chose good officials as his associates and Conducted the works in such a way that the future program of the child Prithviraj would be strengthened.
According to Prithviraj Vijay, the life of Prime Minister Kadambavas was devoted to King Prithviraj and Rajmata Karpurdevi. Kadambavas' chin was slightly protruding. He took full care of the security of the state. As soon as the disturbance was reported from somewhere, he immediately sent the army and brought the situation under control. During the reign of Karpurdevi, the Nagas revolted against the Chauhans but were successfully suppressed.
Watch in the next episode - Prithviraj Chauhan has come to play a role in the theater of history!
-Doctor. Mohanlal Gupta