Historical Figures

Francis of Guise (1520 - 1563)

François I of Lorraine, was a great soldier under François I then Henri II. From 1545, he besieged Boulogne in the hands of the English, there he kept the nickname "Scarred" following a facial injury. Under Henri II, he is in all the campaigns fighting in Naples, in Scotland, he resists Charles Quint who besieges the city of Metz in 1552 and above all he takes back Calais from the English. On the accession of the young François II, he directed the affairs of the kingdom as the king's father-in-law. But his action is disputed by the Protestants who organize the conspiracy of Amboise. When Charles IX arrived, it was Queen Mother Catherine de Medici who took matters into her own hands by advocating a policy of tolerance towards Protestants. The duke of guise does not accept it and starts the first of the wars of religion by the massacre of Wassy (1562). He was assassinated by a Reformer, Admiral de Coligny being certainly the main sponsor.