Exercises on the Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire is recognized as the greatest Muslim empire in history, having emerged in the late 13th century and ended in the first half of the 20th century. The Ottomans were historically well known for having carried out, in the 15th century, the conquest of an important city founded by the Romans. We are referring to:

a) Ephesus

b) Alexandria

c) Rome

d) Capua

e) Constantinople

The Ottoman Empire had a prominent role in the First World War (1914-1918) acting as an ally of the Germans. During the years of this conflict, the Ottomans were historically marked by carrying out a genocide of a minority that inhabited their territory. This genocide was carried out against:

a) Palestinians

b) Armenians

c) Kurds

d) Druze

e) Pashtuns

In the 19th century onwards, the Ottoman Empire began a process of decay, as a result of the transformations brought about by the modernization of the world. The Ottomans' involvement in World War I only accelerated this process of decline. The dissolution of the Ottoman Empire gave rise to which country?

a) Greece

b) Cyprus

c) Turkey

d) Syria

e) Armenia

Critical moments in the history of the Byzantines took place in the 16th and 17th centuries, when the Ottomans were defeated in important battles and their advance on Western Europe stopped. One of these battles was that of Lepanto, which took place in 1570, in which the Ottomans were defeated on the coast of Greece by the Holy League. Which of the countries mentioned below was not part of the Holy League?

a) Kingdom of Hungary

b) Republic of Venice

c) Kingdom of Spain

d) Knights of Malta

e) Papal States

LETTER E

In 1453, the Ottomans led by Mehmet II conquered the famous city of Constantinople. This conquest consolidated the end of the Byzantine Empire and is considered a historical landmark that delimits the chronological end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Age. Under Ottoman rule, the city was renamed Istanbul, a name that remains to this day.

LETER B

Starting in 1915, the Ottoman government initiated actions that led to the death of approximately 1 million Armenians, an ethnic minority that inhabited the territories of the Ottoman Empire. During this genocide, Armenians were summarily executed or taken to forced labor zones. To this day, Turkey – heir to the Ottomans – does not recognize this genocide.

LETER C

The dissolution of the Ottoman Empire was a direct consequence of the changes brought by modernity, especially from the 19th century onwards. Economically stagnant, the Ottoman Empire was badly shaken by nationalist movements, which led minorities to rebel in different parts of the Empire. Involvement in World War I only hastened the decline and end of the Empire.

LETER A

Among the countries mentioned, the only one not involved in the Battle of Lepanto in 1570 was the Kingdom of Hungary. The Hungarians, however, were involved in other battles fought between Christians and Muslims – such as the Battle of Vienna in 1683. These Ottoman defeats for the Christians put an end to the Ottoman Empire's attempts to expand into Western Europe.