In just 1 century , the Arab Bedouins conquer the largest empire since that of Alexander the Great. EN 634:Omar Ibn el-Khattab becomes second caliph He succeeds to the first caliph Abû Bakr . He is the father of Hafsa, another wife of Mohammed. BETWEEN 636 AND 644:Beginning of the holy war (Jihad)
CIRCA 570:Life in Arabia before the founding of Islam (current Saudi Arabia) Enclosed between the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean and the Persian Gulf, the Arabian Peninsula includes the “Happy Arabia “(Current Yemen), rich and fertile, and the Arabia of the deserts , a surly land, criss-crossed by Bedou
IN 332 BC Greek King Alexander the Great conquers Egypt: The Greek king Alexander the Great drives the Persians out of their territory, and the Egyptians welcome him with joy. Alexander founds the city of Alexandria which becomes the new capital of the country and the seat of learning, culture an
FROM THE 21st TO THE 25th DYNASTY: During the late period , Egypt of the pharaohs begins a slow decline because the evolution of the country becomes too slow compared to the rest of the world. The Egyptians find it difficult to adapt to the changing environment and they are being supplanted and d
FROM THE XVIIITH TO THE XXTH DYNASTY: The pharaohs of the New Kingdom usher in a period of prosperity unprecedented. They are elite soldiers and put the military first. They secure borders and strengthen diplomatic ties with their neighbours. They invade the surrounding regions and build a vast emp
FROM THE XIIITH TO THE XVIITH DYNASTY: During the second interim period , it is the first time in their history that the Egyptians are subjected to foreign invaders… The pharaohs not only have short reigns, but sometimes several rule at the same time. The kingdom of Egypt is fragmented and the decl
XI AND XII DYNASTIES: The Middle Kingdom marks a bright new period in the history of Ancient Egypt . AROUND 2060 B.C. AD Triumph of Mentuhotep I: Mentuhotep I extends his power over Lower Egypt and unite the country again. He waged war in the neighboring countries, in the northeast against the
FROM THE VIITH TO THE XTH DYNASTY: The slow decline of centralized administration during the Old Kingdom, combined with severe droughts between 2200 and 2150 BC. J.-C. causes the entry of the country in a period of 140 years dominated by famine and the Civil War . Egypt is poorly defended and enter
FROM THE THIRD TO THE LIFE DYNASTY: The Old Empire represents the first brilliant, creative and harmonious period of ancient Egypt. It lasts almost 500 years. Life in ancient Egypt: Most houses have only one or two rooms, but the wealthy live in large, luxurious villas. They often give large rec
1st and 2nd DYNASTIES: The Thinite period marks the official beginning of the history of Egypt . According to the writings of the Egyptian priest Manetho (dating from the IIIth century BC), Narmer (Menes in Greek) is the first Pharaoh official of the line of ancient Egypt. Manetho counts more than
The pre-dynastic period does not mark the official beginning of the history of Egypt which starts from the thinite period . At the beginning of the pre-dynastic period, the Egyptians already made arrows, harpoons and pots. They use ochres as dyes, crush harvested products with millstones, sew animal
The ancient Egyptian religion was extremely relevant in everyday life in Egypt. One of its strongest characteristics was the belief in life after death. Ancient Egyptian religion consisted of the beliefs and practices that were performed by the Egyptians in Ancient Egypt. The religious belief of th
Osiris was one of the most important deities for the religiosity of the Egyptians in Antiquity. He became known as the god of the dead and the afterlife. Osiris he was an important deity in the mythology and religiosity of the Egyptians in the Ancient Age. He emerged as a god of fertility, but beca
Millions of years ago, several humans of different origins occupied the Nile Valley. With the domestication of animals and the cultivation of plants, these groups settled and formed villages.Based on common interests, the villages were joined into independent administrative units called nomos. Each
Egyptian Civilization Take the opportunity to check out our video lessons related to the subject:
Literature of ancient Egypt, recorded in inscriptions or written on papyrus. Ancient Egyptian literature is characterized by its wide diversity of types and subjects treated. It uses literary resources such as simile, metaphor, alliteration and misunderstanding. The religious literature of ancie
Isis was an Egyptian deity, recognized as the most important of the religiosity of this people. It was also present in the beliefs of the Greeks and Romans. Isis she was an important goddess of religion in Ancient Egypt, recognized as one of the most important. She was the mother of all pharaohs a
Egypt, located in the northeast region of the African continent, it was a civilization that flourished thanks to the fertility of its lands and the availability of water resources offered by the River Nile. The favorable living conditions in that region were responsible for the growth of the populat
About 4700 years ago. Egypt entered a period of great technological progress. Until about 2700 BC, the main material had been adobe, however, in less than 200 years later, the Pyramids of Giza appear, being built with stone blocks that weighed up to 15 tons and that fit each other with great precisi
Egypt has been, throughout its history, a target of different processes of unification and invasion. Contrary to what we usually study, these invasions took place during other moments before the domination of the Romans in the 1st century or the European nations in the 19th century. Thus, the crises
The Africa It is the 3rd continent in territorial extension, with 30 million km², occupying 20.3% of the Earths total area. Despite concentrating countless natural resources, the African continent is one of the poorest in the world. Africa is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on its western coast an
The Conquest of Ceuta took place in 1415 and symbolizes the beginning of Portuguese overseas expansion. The objective of the Crown, driven by the bourgeoisie, was to seize the city that received the caravans of Moors that transported gold, ivory, spices and slaves. Portuguese Maritime Expansion W
FROM THE VIITH TO THE XTH DYNASTY: The slow decline of centralized administration during the Old Kingdom, combined with severe droughts between 2200 and 2150 BC. J.-C. causes the entry of the country in a period of 140 years dominated by famine and the Civil War . Egypt is poorly defended and enter
Gods of Egypt were the deities worshiped by the Egyptians and had great importance in everyday life and local religiosity. The Gods of Egypt were the deities that were part of the Egyptian religion. There was a wide variety of gods in this religion, and so we understand the Egyptians to be polythei