Kusuko Incident (The change of Emperor Daijo Tenno) I think I mentioned before that the Shikike clan, which had prospered until then, declined after the end of the event, and the Kita clan had the upper hand in the Fujiwara clan.
After that, the Fujiwara Kita family began to take power, and Japan's political system changed from the former emperor's pro-politics to customs politics.
This time, I would like to write about the changes in Japan's political system since the Kusuko Incident.
Emperor Saga who won the Kusuko Incident
The 51st Emperor Saga It's a strange thing about Kusuko who ended up with the victory, but Kurodosho Opening and Kebiishi The official position, which was not stipulated by the previous law, was placed.
Foreign official for official positions that were not originally stipulated by law It's called (Ryoge no Kan). The number of foreign officers has definitely increased during the Heian period compared to when the Daiho Ritsuryo was enacted. This means that the reality of politics and the law are finally becoming less intertwined.
Therefore, by newly classifying and editing the case for supplementing and amending the provisions of the Ritsuryo and the formula for determining the detailed rules at the time of enforcement, the law can be adjusted to be in line with reality. went.
The style that was compiled under Emperor Saga is the Hirohito style.
The central figure in compiling this Hirohito ceremony is Fujiwara no Fuyutsugu, his aide since Emperor Saga was a crown prince. Fuyutsugu has earned the deep trust of Emperor Saga and has formed a relationship with the imperial family. In 826, when Fuyutsugu died at the age of 52, his son Yoshifusa (the eldest son, Nagara was a little late, but he seems to have had a good relationship with Yoshifusa) in the Kita family. It will be the beginning of the career.
In addition, Yoshifusa welcomed Fuyutsugu's eldest son, Mototsugu's son, Mototsune, as his adopted child, who will succeed Yoshifusa.
The situation of the imperial family at that time
Now let's move on to the imperial family.
Emperor Saga's father is Emperor Kanmu is. Emperor Kanmu was very powerful, and it was his brother, Emperor Heizei, who succeeded Emperor Kanmu.
With the coronation of Emperor Heizei, Imperial Prince Kami (Kami no Miko, later Emperor Saga) became the emperor's younger brother. It is said that Emperor Heizei already had two princes, but it is said that the reason why he became the prince's brother was because Emperor Kanmu's intention was strong.
After that, Emperor Heizei was transferred due to poor physical condition, and Emperor Saga took the throne.
However, in the case of the Kusuko Incident (810), which was triggered by Emperor Saga's attempt to change the system created by Emperor Emeritus during his time after his coronation, he aimed at the weight of Emperor Daijo Tenno. Takaoka-shinnō, the son of the emeritus and the crown prince at that time, will be abandoned.
For that reason, Emperor Saga did not make his own son a crown prince. He forcibly decided to put his own half-brother, King Otomo (later Emperor Junna), into the position of princely brother.
Time passed, and in 823, Emperor Saga was transferred to Emperor Junna. Fuyutsugu objected to the fact that the financial burden would be heavy when there were two emerituses (Emperor Heizei was alive at this point and died in 824), but Emperor Saga did not accept it.
After Emperor Junna reigned as Emperor for 10 years, he was transferred to Emperor Ninmyō, the second prince of Emperor Saga. At that time, Emperor Junna's second prince, Prince Tsunesada, was erected as the crown prince.
At this time, Emperor Emeritus Junwa probably hated to become a fire later. I oppose Prince Tsunesada's Tatsutaiko, but that opinion did not pass to Emperor Sagano, who still had tremendous power. It seems that Emperor Saga had the intention of alternating the throne between his own son and the son of Emperor Junna.
Jōwa Incident
In the end, the idea of alternating the throne that Emperor Saga intended was broken by the demise of Emperor Junna in 840 and Emperor Saga in 842.
This is because Emperor Ninmy's maiden has Fuyutsugu's daughter, Junko, and in the meantime, Michiyasu Shinno, later Emperor Montoku, was born. He had the ambition to make Emperor Montoku, who is also a person, as a crown prince.
Immediately after the demise of Emperor Saga, he attempted to change Jōwa to abolish Prince Tsunesada, who was the crown prince at the time.
Due to this change in Jōwa, we were able to dismiss the power of a powerful aristocrat named Ban Tachibana, and succeeded in establishing the position of the Kita family among Mr. Fujiwara.
In 850, Emperor Ninmy took over and Emperor Montoku took the throne, but eight years later, Emperor Montoku died. The young Emperor Seiwa will be enthroned.
Yoshifusa was the first grandfather to be a vassal of Emperor Montoku, partly because Yoshifusa's daughter married him and gave birth to Emperor Seiwa (that is, Yoshifusa was the grandfather of Emperor Seiwa) and he was already in the position of Daijo-daijin. I took up the post of regent from. That said, 858 is a de facto regent, not formal. It was officially regent after the fall of Mr. Ban and Mr. Ki due to the change of Otenmon in 866.
When did Kampaku come out? ??
Customs politics I understand the regent of them, but Seki ... In other words, Kampaku When did you come out? ??
In fact, Mototsune, who succeeded Yoshifusa, took the position for the first time in Kampaku. Kampaku is a foreign officer who has the role of conducting politics on behalf of the emperor, and has become a very powerful official who even assists the emperor's politics after adulthood.
After this, customs politics (Of course, there were times when we didn't put regents and kampaku). While making full use of the conspiracy to become Mr. Fujiwara's world, after excluding others, a conflict begins inside Mr. Fujiwara. In this way, politics was absent and it became rough.