The shogunate was set up in the Battle of Sekigahara, and after the siege of Osaka, the Tokugawa clan started a full-scale bakuhan system. The Tokugawa Shogunate ruled the whole country directly or indirectly by becoming a vassal of the Tokugawa family while maintaining a certain degree of governance authority.
As a policy of the Tokugawa Shogunate, kenchi and Four occupations * With the social division system, the movement of social status was extremely suppressed to stabilize rural areas and increase productivity. In addition, we aimed to weaken each daimyo by spending money on each daimyo by changing attendance and repairing castles under the direct control of the shogunate such as Edo and Nagoya. * There are various theories about the occupational status system, so I will write it in detail on another occasion.
In addition, we will weaken the seals in the form of amendments, transfers, and reductions, centered on Tozama Daimyo, who became a vassal of the shogunate after Sekigahara.
There are three types of daimyo, Tozama Daimyo, Shinpan Daimyo, and Fudai Daimyo, and there are 300 daimyo from 10,000 stones to 1 million stones. Under the rule, he was governing.
The weakening of the daimyo family due to reforms is Tozama Daimyo Not limited to Fudai Daimyo Throughout the Edo period, Tozama Daimyo 127 families , Shinpan / Fudai Daimyo 121 Family Is said to have been punished.
Actually, this change, Fudai Daimyo More Shinpan Daimyo Is it that the relatives are the most important subject for the shogunate, along with the Tozama Daimyo? Most of the reasons for the disposition seemed to be arguing.
A powerful Tozama Daimyo as the main daimyo composition Is a area away from Edo Placed in the center of Edo and each major urban area Is Fudai Daimyo It was hardened with. In fact, the Kanto and Tokai regions are occupied by the Tokugawa clan, and it is difficult to strategically attack Edo.
In addition, the main positions of the shogunate are also occupied by Fudai Daimyo or Hatamoto, and Naosuke Ii, a strange and familiar elder outside Sakuradamon, is from the Ii family of Fudai Daimyo.
The position of a foreign lord under the Tokugawa administration
The Gaijin Daimyo is a daimyo who has obeyed Tokugawa since Sekigahara, but compared to the Tokugawa-born Daimyo and the Shinpan Daimyo, a relative of the Tokugawa clan, he is in a position within the shogunate in the sense that he cannot directly participate in the shogunate. There was not.
However, in terms of the family character of the daimyo, it was also a characteristic of the Tozama Daimyo that there were many national mochi daimyo.
The daimyo's family is Shinpan / Tozama / Fudai In addition to the distinction, landlord, quasi-landlord, castle owner, castle owner, no castle There was also a division called.
As I mentioned a little earlier, the people who participated in the shogunate were mainly Fudai and Shinpan daimyo, and there was a reversal phenomenon in which they supported the shogunate and managed the shogunate. It seems that there were not a few complaints from the foreign lords.
The Maeda family of Kaga Hyakumangoku was treated exceptionally.
Looking at this, it seems that Tozama Daimyo was treated coldly, but there are exceptions, Maeda of Kaga, Shimazu of Satsuma, Date of Sendai, Mouri of Choshu . Landlord-class daimyo Has deepened his relatives with the Tokugawa family through marriage, and was given the surname of Matsudaira, the surname that became the mother of the Tokugawa family.
Among them, the one that was treated exceptionally was the Maeda clan of the Kaga domain . Matsudaira surname and Aoi's crest Not only was it given, but the family's personality was similar to that of the three families . Semi-Shinpan Was treated as. Even though the Law of One Castle was issued, it seems that it was treated exceptionally, such as the recognition of two castles in one country.
The famous Maeda family is Toshiie Maeda , who was also one of the five elders under the Toyotomi administration. .. At that time, Ieyasu Tokugawa It was an existence that opposes. Therefore, now that Tokugawa has taken over the world, it may be the first thing to notice, but the second feudal lord of the Kaga domain Toshitsune Maeda Was given the Matsudaira surname by having a blood relationship with the Tokugawa family by having the daughter of Hidetada, the second generation.
Even so, the Maeda family was no exception to the rush of reforms and reductions in the early Edo period, but the Maeda family repeated marriages with the Tokugawa family. By doing so, we will establish our position under the new government.
Therefore, among the vassals of the Kaga domain, there is also a vassal of the Maeda clan of the daimyo class, and the population of Kanazawa exceeds 100,000 after Edo, Kyoto, and Osaka, and it seems that a unique culture has developed. is.
The economic scale of Kaga Hyakumangoku is said to be 40 to 100 billion yen when converted to current money. Considering that the tax revenue of Ishikawa prefecture in 2013 is 137.7 billion yen, you can see that it is a tremendous number. * The Kaga domain includes Toyama, so this is not the case ...
Even such a daimyo of Kaga Hyakumangoku has overcome many crises and built a solid position under the Tokugawa administration. In this way, Tozama Daimyo stood around well while feeling away throughout the Edo period.