Before Fujiwara-kyo at the end of the 7th century, Okimi =the palace moves when the emperor's generation changes That [ successive sengū 】said. With similar words, there is a capital relocation, but [ capital ] And [ Miya ] Is there a difference?
Palace and relocation
[ Miya ] Means a building [ shop ] And the compliment [ only ] Is attached, and in ancient Japan, [ excellent building ] Was the word for. In addition, [ this ] Is the word " here And " there A word for a place So, [ Miya ] To [ this ] And [ capital ] Is where there is a fine building It means that.
That means Sengū is to move a splendid building So, relocation moves the place (land) where there is a fine building It will be that. And after the Asuka period, the government will follow the place where the emperor's palace was built, so the de facto city will also move with the palace. This is relocation Will be.
Empress Suiko Since he became the throne in Asuka, the capital relocation during the Asuka period was either a relocation in the same Asuka region or a town [ Kyo . ] It was a move between places. But 694 Empress Jito In order to further promote the Ritsuryo system, he built a Kara-style Miyakonojo, and relocated and relocated to the capital. The city is Fujiwarakyo is.
In the modern sense, when we talk about relocation, we have the image of relocating from Tokyo to Osaka, but Asukakyo and Fujiwarakyo Is about 5 kilometers in a straight line. The size of the city is about 5 to 6 kilometers square, and it seems that it was a surprisingly compact city.
Also, in Yamatoni at that time, Kamitsumichi, Nakatsumichi, Shimotsudo Three parallel highways running north and south, and Yokooji and North Yokooji were also maintained in the east and west. Heijokyo seen from Fujiwarakyo was on the north side of this north-south highway for about 20 km.
It seems that there was a road close to a straight line between Heijokyo and Naniwakyo, which is a key shipping point facing Osaka Bay.
When relocating to the capital, instead of building a new palace from the location of the relocation destination , Dismantle the previously used palace, carry it, and reassemble it [ relocation ] I was taking the method. Perhaps because of that, the period of relocation was unexpectedly short, and it seems that many relocations took place within a few months.
It must have been important for the relocation of the capital to have such a terrain that is practically easy to move.
Nagaokakyo was close to the confluence of the Kizu and Yodo rivers, facing the Katsura river, and had excellent transportation by waterway. For the relocation to Nagaokakyo, the staff in charge was decided in June, and the inner lining and Daigokuden were completed in December of the same year by the hands of 310,000 workers, and the New Year's Day ceremony was held on New Year's Day. That's right. Of course, the building demolished in Heijokyo has been relocated to Nagaokakyo.
Nine years later, 794 Heiankyo about 10 kilometers away One of the reasons for this is the convenience of transportation for both water and land transportation.
Looking at history, the capital was often relocated in ancient Japan.
Sengū held every time the emperor changed during the Asuka period With the creation of the Ritsuryo nation, a vast government office area and housing for the officials working there will be required, and a city will be created and the city will move relocation . It will change to.
In addition, power struggles, disasters, and failures of hydraulic engineering threatened people's lives, and sometimes there was a fear of tatari, and a magnificent move was carried out. One of the reasons why we were able to relocate so many cities was that there were places where it was easy to put into practice.