In the Kamakura Shogunate, the pedigree of Genji has ceased since the third generation, Minamoto no Sanetomo.
In the 4th generation, a shogun was born from a house other than Genji.
His name was Kujo Yoritsune, the third son of the Kujo Michiie of the regent Kampaku.
So, this time, I would like to write about the background of Kujo Yoritsune (Kujo Yoritsune), who will appear in the Taiga drama, and the power struggle after he took office.
The background of Kujo Yoritsune
Kujo Yoritsune was born as the third son of the Kujo Michiie who had served in Kampaku, and was born in the year of the tiger, so his childhood name was named Santora. His father, Michiya, and his mother, Saionji Rinshi, were both great-grandchildren of Minamoto no Yoritomo's mother and sister, so they were distantly related to Genji's lineage.
1219 In addition, when the third shogun of the Kamakura Shogunate, Minamoto no Sanetomo, was assassinated, the authority of the shogunate moved to the Hojo clan, and the next shogun was greeted by the King, in an attempt to increase the authority of the shogunate. However, Emperor Go-Toba refuses to perform Mr. Hojo in view of the fact that he was assassinated in the morning.
So, as an alternative, Hojo said that he was still a 2-year-old Yoritsune from among the regents. I request that you want to meet. The imperial court also reluctantly acknowledges that refusing this could lead to a full-scale war with the shogunate.
In this way, Yoritsune was welcomed to Kamakura, although he was only two years old, and Masako Hojo became the guardian of the shogunate.
Birth of the 4th Shogun of the Kamakura Shogunate, Kujo Yoritsune
As Mr. Hojo tried to increase the authority of the shogunate by using the imperial court, Emperor Go-Toba was furious and gathered anti-shogunate samurai, monks, and gokenins to prepare for the defeat. Finally, in 1221, a subjugation order was issued for the second generation, Hojo Yoshitoki.
After that, when Hojo Tokimasa's second wife's brother, Iga Mitsusue, refused the invitation of the emeritus and was killed, it developed into a full-scale war between the imperial court and the shogunate.
This is Jokyu War
The power of the imperial court was so powerful at that time that even the Kamakura Shogunate's family members wanted to avoid fighting the imperial court. There, Masako Hojo gave a famous speech to the 190,000 Shogunate forces, succeeded in raising morale, and overwhelmed the imperial court.
After losing the battle, Emperor Go-Toba was swept to the Oki Islands, where many other imperial families and court gokenins were punished. At this time, at the time of authority, Hojo Yoshitoki, in order to monitor the imperial court, [ Rokuhara Tandai ] Will be installed.
1225 Yoritsune is 9 years old.
By this time, the Yoshitoki and Masako brothers had died, and the Yasutoki and Tokifusa brothers were in control of the shogunate.
1230 Yoritsune welcomes the daughter of the second shogun, Yoriie, to the main room.
Yoriie's daughter, Take no Gosho, is the only survivor of Minamoto no Yoritomo's lineage, and was expected to have a child with the shogun. In this way, all of Yoritomo's direct line was extinguished.
Kujo Yoritsune will be involved in various power struggles even after becoming a shogun.
Battle between the Hojo Tokusou family and rebels
1238 , Yoritsune goes up with Yasutoki Hojo and Tokifusa.
After that, he was said to have stayed in Kyoto for about eight months. During that time, he visited Kasuga Taisha Shrine, reunited with Yoritsune's parents and brothers, and was promoted from the imperial court to Gondai Chunagon through Kebiishi.
As Yoritsune was promoted and gained power, anti-Tokusou and anti-authoritarian groups began to approach Yoritsune. Since the expulsion of Hojo Tokimasa, he has been branched even among the Hojo clan, so when Hojo Yoshitoki changed his family line to [ Tokusou ], And the authority of authority is in principle [ Tokusou ] I decided to produce only from.
It was the Hojo clan other than the Tokusou family who opposed this.
When Hojo Yasutoki died in 1242 at the age of 59, Yasutoki's grandson, Time, took office. Furthermore, when Shogun Yoritsune's grandfather Saionji Kintsune dies, his father, Michiya, tries to intervene in the shogunate.
His grandfather, Saionji Kintsune, was careful about Mr. Hojo, but his father, Michiya, was dissatisfied with the Hojo Tokusou family, and the relationship between the shogun and the Tokusou family deteriorated.
1244 , Shogun Yoritsune handed over the shogunate to his firstborn, Kujo Yoritsugu, but he himself was [ Great Hall . ], And maintained the power in the shogunate behind the scenes. 1245 In addition, Yoritsune tried to go up again, but just before that, a fire broke out in the mansion of Hojo Tokiyori's brother and the government office disappeared and it was postponed.
It is said that Mr. Hojo intentionally set fire to the mansion in an attempt to prevent Yoritsune's Joraku.
When Yoritsune left the house in 1246, the anti-Tokusou family power, Mitsutoki Nagoshi [ Nephew of Yasutoki ] Is prevented from rebellion, Yoritsune is repatriated to Kyoto as the mastermind. His father, Michiya, was also dismissed from Kanto Shinji and retired.
This series of uproar is [ Miya uproar ] Is called.
Kujo Yoritsune Fujiwara in his later years
Miura Yasumura and the Mitsumura brothers plan to return Yoritsune to Kamakura, but fail. In 1252, the fifth generation Kamakura-dono and Yoritsugu, the children of Yoritsune, were also dismissed from the shogunate and repatriated to Kyoto.
Shortly after, his father, Saionji Michiya, died, but after that he tried to return to Kamakura with the anti-Tokusou family, but all failed 1256 . Will die. The following month, his son, Yoritsugu, also died, and someone whispered an assassination theory.
The 4th generation Kamakura-dono, Kujo Yoritsune, was a life wandering in the power struggle of the Kamakura Shogunate from the time he was welcomed as a puppet general at the age of 2 until he died at the age of 38. The second generation of Yoritsune and Yoritsugu, Kamakura-dono, has historically been called Sekke Shogun.
Even though it is sandwiched between the imperial court and the shogunate, [ Great Hall ], It is said that the reason why he tried to take control of the shogunate was because he tried to keep his power.