Глагол времён! металла звон!
твой страшный глас меня смущает;
зовё меня, зовё твой стон,
зовё - и г г dec.>Verb of time! voice of metal!
I shudder at your death knell which falls on my bosom;
He calls me, he calls me, alas! that fatal sound,
It calls me straight to the grave.
[1]
Russian poetry began in 1730 with Gavril Derzhavin, author notably of the ode Felitsa (1782) and God (1784). At that time, it was iambic poetry that dominated, and made the verses particularly musical. But the poet recognized as the greatest romantic arrives later:born in 1814, in the period of the golden age, Lermontov is a poet victim of the evil of the century. He devotes his poems to introspection and embarks on autobiography, in the same way as Rousseau. During its golden age, Russia was strongly inspired by European poetry. We also find, like Baudelaire in France, the image of the poet who, alone capable of seeing and describing the invisible, is persecuted by the crowd. Among others, the poem Prophet (1841) by Lermontov reflects this conviction.
Горька судьба поэтов всех племен;
тUлеле Всудьа казнит россию:
для славы и и рылеев был рожден:
>The poet is persecuted everywhere,
But in Russia, his fate is the worst:
Ryleev was born for beauty,
But the young man loved freedom…
[2]
Romanticism is innovative at the beginning of the 19th century:the reader has access to the exaltation of the feelings of the author in his verses; the use of the lyrical "I", for example, symbolizes the liberation of poets initially employed by the State who wish to live from their writings despite their status as accursed poets.
Прощай, немытая рto,
страна рабов, страна год,
и Вы, мундиры .Farewell, Russia, filthy country,
Land of slaves and masters;
Farewell, blue uniforms
And happy people to submit.
[3]
The second part of the 19th century saw the rise of the novel before poetry resurfaced in 1890, and lasted for twenty years. It is the Silver Age that will match more spoken verse with poetry that gradually tends towards more prosaic processes. The development of the novel having led to that of realism, romantic poetry gave way to the new trend of the century, and reflected both the grandeur and the shortcomings of the country. Nicolaï Nekrassov, in 1842, inserts in his verses the misfortunes of the peasants, and recounts the popular disappointments of Russia with, of course, the required literary aesthetics.
Do you hear his moans
On the Volga, great Russian river?
It is the haulers that push them
And we name their complaints a song.
(…)
When will he get up, when?
What does his bitter plain?
Or obedient fate,
Having sung this sad song,
Will he fall asleep on his land?
[4]