The Yalta Conference or Crimean Conference represented a set of meetings that took place in the year 1945, when the second world war ended.
The central objective of this conference was to determine the division of territories, especially European ones, in addition to presenting the international order in the post-war period.
The event was named after the place where it took place, namely in the city of Yalta, in the Crimea region.
Abstract
The set of meetings, called the "Yalta Conference", took place between the 4th and 11th of February 1945.
It represented the moment when the Allied powers came together. That is, the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, in addition to China and France (to a lesser extent).
The objective of the Yalta Conference was based on the discussions on the end of the second world war (post-war period).
The territories of each country were established, mainly of the axis powers:Germany, Italy and Japan.
About 700 military advisers took part in the event. Among them, three important figures stand out:Franklin Roosevelt (from the United States), Josef Stalin (from the Soviet Union) and Winston Churchill (from the United Kingdom). They became known as "the big three".
At that meeting, the three great leaders signed a document confirming the end of the war and peace between the countries involved.
Among the objectives were:the end of Nazism, fascism and German influence, as well as the division of Germany into four occupation zones.
Each zone would be annexed to the respective territories of Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union and France.
Germany had its territory divided and its material and economic resources controlled.
In addition, part of the Polish territory was annexed to the Soviet Union, which came to control the countries of Eastern Europe.
It is worth remembering that a conference was also convened with the aim of founding the United Nations (UN).
With the creation of the UN, its main objective was to establish peace among the countries of the world.
Understand better what was the Second World War by reading the articles:
- World War II
- Causes of World War II
- Consequences of World War II
Tehran and Potsdam Conference
In addition to the Yalta Conference, there were other meetings between the victorious allied nations.
First, the Tehran Conference (November 28 to December 1, 1943) took place in Iran, which established some territorial limits.
Thus, the United States annexed Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, while the Soviet Union recognized eastern Poland.
Already the decisions taken at the Potsdam Conference defined the bills that Germany would pay related to the expenses of the war.
This event followed the Yalta Conference and took place from July 17 to August 2, 1945, in Germany.
Thus, it was established that the Germans should pay damages in the amount of US$ 20 billion.
Of this amount, 50% of the amount was destined for the Soviet Union, 14% for Great Britain, 12.5% for the United States and 10% for France.