Terrain
General Condition
Ban Khao Krachiew Archaeological Site Located behind Wat Khao Krachiew School Near Wat Bantawas (Wat Khao Krachiew), the former area was a mound of soil. But about 20 years ago The land has been plowed for agriculture. causing no leftover soil conditions It is now a flat area. For banana planting and overgrown forest In this area also found large bricks containing rice husks. and the area of the ditch that the villagers dug also appear brick There was also a large brick paved road between the foothills and Khao Krachiew School. which used to be the location of the ancient hills
Height above mean sea level
10 metersWaterway
Huai Lahanbon
Geological conditions
The surrounding area is a plain. near the foot of Khao Krachiew which is a small limestone mountain (Khao Krachiew is located far southeast of the source about 200 meters) surrounded by flat areas On the west and north of the archaeological site there is Huai Lahan Bon flowing through. And is about 14 kilometers from the current coastline in the east. The soil characteristics are Phetchaburi series soil.
Archaeological Era
historical eraera/culture
Dvaravati period, Late prehistoric period, Rattanakosin period, Semi-prehistoric period, Sukhothai period, Ayutthaya periodArchaeological age
(Buddhist century 9-12?) / Buddhist century 12-16 / A.D. 1100-1600 / 1400-900 BP, 19th century - presentTypes of archaeological sites
Habitat, Religious Sitearchaeological essence
Before the establishment of the temple in the Rattanakosin period There is a pagoda on the top of the mountain and it has been restored. The original chedi may be a chedi in the Dvaravati period. Because there are traces of ancient roads paved with large bricks. Connected from the hill to the hill of the Dvaravati period behind Wat Khao Krachiew School (Chatchai Wordsart et al. 1990:73; Office of Archeology and National Museum No. 1, Ratchaburi 1998:62)
Antiques found from the survey of Ban Khao Krachiew archaeological site by Chatchai Wordsart and others (1990) and Office of Archeology and National Museum 1, Ratchaburi (1998) For example
Brick It is large, approximately 20.5x28.5x6.5 cm and 16x32x8 cm, coarse-grained, with a lot of rice husk mixture. which is a general characteristic of bricks used in Dvaravati culture.
Round brick with a hole in the center 8 cm thick, 35 cm diameter, and hole diameter 8 cm. assumed that it may be a part of the pagoda. Bricks of this nature were found at ancient sites in Khu Bua City, Ratchaburi Province and at U Thong City. Suphanburi Province
Stucco architectural ornament Found 2 pieces, currently at Banphatawas temple. The first piece was a person's face, width 16 centimeters, height 14 centimeters, thickness 10 centimeters. Square face shape. Wide lips, long ears, smooth chin, the other one is a timeless face, damaged condition, 14 centimeters wide, 8.5 centimeters high, 7 centimeters thick. The craftsmanship is similar to the stucco work found at the Thung Setthi archaeological site. Phetchaburi Province
Artifacts found on Khao Krachiew For example, crumbs of clay pottery (found in large quantities coarse texture low temperature sintering The mouth, ridge, torso and buttocks are both smooth and decorated with the technique of scratching, grafting and stamping into various patterns). terracotta pawn crushed stone Bone Fragments and scallop shell
Also Other antiques have also been found in the temple area, such as beads, earthenware, earthenware, and white glazed pottery, shaped as 3 melon-shaped caskets around Khao Noi, adjacent to Khao Krachiew. which is a product from Tao Nan'an, Fujian Province, Sung Dynasty, aged around the 17th-18th Buddhist century (Chatchai Wordart et al. 1990:74).
From various archaeological evidence Assumed initially that this archaeological site. Probably lived in the Dvaravati period (Buddhist century 12-16) consists of ancient brick buildings. both at the foot of the hill and on Khao Krachiew) and the area for living and doing activities of the community This may have lived in the archaeological site to the later period. As evidenced by archaeological evidence in the Sukhothai, Ayutthaya and Rattanakosin periods
Ban Khao Krachiew Archaeological Site It may be that the Dvaravati community is in the same neighborhood as the Dvaravati community found in Ban Map Pla Khao and Ban Mai archaeological sites. because they are located nearby of the same age and the nature of the evidence is similar.
However A survey team in 1997 (Office of Archeology and National Museum No. 1 Ratchaburi 1998:64) assumed that Ban Khao Krachiew archaeological site may have been in use since the late prehistoric period or the beginning of history. Because ancient artifacts of the aforementioned period have been found in this area, such as some types of earthenware fragments that are in the form of late prehistoric pottery, mixed with Dvaravati style pottery. In addition, the area near Khao Krachiew found prehistoric artifacts mixed with Dvaravati antiques such as polished stone tools, etc. A skeleton was also found at Ban Nong Faab archaeological site. that is a little further away The dedication objects found together with the skeleton are similar to those found in many late prehistoric sites in the central region. whether a pottery bronze jewelry carnelian stone beads agate stone beads and iron tools
Community in the early history where Ban Khao Krachiew archaeological site had contact with remote communities such as in India. Before developing as a community in Dvaravati culture when influenced by Indian culture. Buddhism was brought in and a religious place was built at Khao Krachiew as an important religious place of the community. and the community in this area continued to exist in the latter days because traces of ancient artifacts were found after China And this community probably has a relationship with Ban Mai Archaeological Site and Ban Map Pla Khao Archaeological Site. which is only 2-3 kilometers to the east (Office of Archeology and National Museum No. 1 Ratchaburi 1998:64)
From the characteristics of archaeological evidence, location, area characteristics including the faculty environment The survey has organized a group of Ban Khao Krachiew archaeological sites. To be in the same group as Ban Mai Archaeological Site and Ban Map Pla Khao, which is “Khao Krachiew Archaeological Site Group” (Office of Archeology and National Museum No. 1, Ratchaburi, 1998; Office of Archeology and National Museum No. 1, Ratchaburi, 2000). This group of archaeological sites is located in the fertile plains. suitable for agriculture on the east side of the Phetchaburi River The area around Khao Krachiew The location is in a transportation route, suitable for a stopover or a junction. The most common archaeological evidence is Earthenware and brick fragments spread over a wide area which is probably a rather large community There are also ancient ruins made of bricks. and Dvaravati architectural pieces
Kalayanawutthikorn Museum Wat Khao Krachiew