Dong Mae Nang Muang

Terrain

General Condition

The condition of Nakhon Sawan Province is relatively flat and narrow. river plain area especially the central part of the province Which is in the district of Mueang District, Banphot Phisai District, Chum Saeng District, Tha Tako District, Krok Phra District and Phayuha Khiri District. The condition of the western area (Lat Yao District, Mae Wong District, Mae Poen District and Chum Ta Bong District) and the east (Nong Bua District, Phaisali District, Tak Fa District and Takhli District) are characterized by undulating patterns. lifted up from the center of the province

Dong Mae Nang Muang It is an ancient city located in Ta Sang Subdistrict. Banphot Phisai District Nakhon Sawan Province Located about 15 kilometers from Banphot Phisai District, the city was surveyed and made in 1967. The city plan is rectangular with rounded corners. The outer and inner ditches are enclosed in two levels, approximately 630x650 meters in size, representing the expansion of the urban area. In the middle of the city there is a line of soil sorting across the middle. Within the city, there were many excavated ponds, both large and small. There is the Ping River flowing through the west. Khlong Wang Takhian flows in the east, which is a waterway that connects to the Nan River. At Pak Nam Choeng Krai, approximately 45 kilometers long, the inner city has a slope from west to east. The inner space has traces that are presumed to be May be 7 consecutive waterways. The eastern moat has a large river that flows from the north to help nourish the city, namely Huai Khamin and Map Krang. The southeastern moat has a drainage canal called Khlong Khot and Khlong Yang At present, water still flows from both canals. It is beneficial to the fields in the east and south. From the archaeological action, it is known that It is a city that has been inhabited since the Dvaravati period until the 18th Buddhist century and is probably abandoned since Sukhothai was established.

Current condition of Dong Mae Nang Muang Archaeological Site Located in the administrative area of ​​the Sub-District Administrative Organization, two places are Charoenphon and Ta Sang Banphot Phisai District General condition Most of the area has become an area for cultivating field crops such as corn, cassava, etc. The outer ditch which is the west side of the land is now Moo 10, Ta Sang Sub-District, and the inner ditch is now the village area that 4 Tambon Charoen Phon, Banphot Phisai District

Archaeological Era

era/culture

Archaeological age

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

From conducting archaeological excavations and studying the evidence found from Dong Mae Nang Muang Archaeological Site pointed out that the ancient city of Dong Mae Nang City It used to be the location of the ancient city and ancient community. Living space is used which may be divided into 2 cultural layers, namely

The first cultural layer was in the period between the 15th-16th Buddhist century, which was Dvaravati culture. by finding archaeological evidence of the type of pottery burial traces Parts of radiators, sprinklers, etc.

The second cultural layer was in the period of the 16th-18th Buddhist century, possibly when the Khmer culture was influenced into the ancient city of Dong Mae Nang Muang. Due to archaeological evidence found in Khmer wares from a furnace on the Phnom Kulen Mountain Range. There was also evidence of contact with outside communities, such as Chinese wares, glass beads, semi-precious stones and glassware Characteristics of settlement of the ancient city of Dong Mae Nang Muang is a permanent settlement There is an established settlement and in an appropriate condition.

In this regard, the cultural characteristics and environment of Dong Mae Nang Muang ancient community in various aspects may be summarized as follows:

Settlement

Factors influencing the settlement of this ancient Dong Mae Nang city community It can be summarized into two things:physical factors and cultural factors.

Physical Factor including the terrain climate Geological characteristics, water resources, soil and natural resources. The ancient city of Dong Mae Nang Muang is located in the topography of the Chao Phraya River basin. and is halfway between the tributaries of the Ping River and the Nan River. The location of the city on the tributaries of the two rivers is considered a very suitable location. Because the two rivers are very long and fertile. carry various sediments part of the deposition to create abundance in the area of ​​Dong Mae Nang Mueang Archaeological Site can be used as a source of food consumption, including being used as a communication route between the central and northern regions.

Dong Mae Nang Muang Archaeological Site It is located in a tropical climate zone. with high rainfall The humid climate has a positive effect on agriculture. The water resources in the area of ​​Dong Mae Nang Muang Archaeological Site. It is an area with abundant water resources such as a canal flowing through the southeast. There are creeks of Khamin and Mab Krang flowing through the north of the city. having a water source The nature of the water source near the city is similar to that found in the Dvaravati period in general, such as the city of In Buri. Singburi Province Khu Bua Ancient City Ratchaburi These cities often have waterways close to the city.

The condition of the soil in the ancient city of Dong Mae Nang Muang a clay loam or silty clay loam The soil is grayish brown. This set of soils is formed by river sediments. The soil is of relatively low to moderate natural fertility. This type of soil properties are mainly used for farming. In the dry season, the area near the water is used for growing vegetables or field crops.

natural resources of the ancient city of Dong Mae Nang Muang There are resources not far away. There is a limestone mountain called Khao No - Khao Kaew Limestone from this mountain may be used to produce sage leaves for use in the community. There is also a forest called Huai Plub Dongyang Forest From the analysis of animal bones, it was revealed that In the vicinity of Dong Mae Nang Meng Ancient Town, there is a sparse forest environment. there is a marsh and swamps

Cultural Factors It is the creation of things that happen in a settlement area, including city planning, water management, economy, religion and beliefs. Domination

urban planning According to the study of Dusadee Somboonyawirot, it was found that most of the urban planning in the Dvaravati period in the central region had irregular urban planning shape, perhaps round or oval. Irregularly shaped cities were mostly located on riverbank plains and ditches were compulsory by geography. is the excavation connecting the moat and the river that cuts through the river as a fortification on one side Modification of the area for urban planning of Dong Mae Nang Muang Archaeological Site is to dig a ditch around the city by digging the eastern moat to connect with the Khu Khot Canal The northern moat of the city relies on a tributary of the Ping River that connects Huai Khamin and Mab Krang. The urban planning style of Dong Mae Nang Muang Archaeological Site is also found in other cities such as Si Thep Ancient City. Phetchabun Province Dong Mae Nang Muang Archaeological Site and Si Thep Ancient City They are related cities because of similar urban planning. There is a motto of sema leaves embroidered around ancient sites, etc.

Water management The construction of an embankment ditch took place after settlement to assist with irrigation. flood protection store water for use during the dry season A study of the current aerial photographs that still have traces of it have been found. The inhabitants of this town know how to divert natural water to nourish the city. In the north of the city, it uses diversion from the tributaries of the Ping River to cause turmeric and Mabkrang. using the waterways of Huai Khamin as a natural waterway And Mab Krang was created by digging a canal connecting Khu Khot Canal in the north and digging a pond before entering the city. It is assumed that there may be a duty to retain water or to slow down the water. And in the east of the city, a canal was dug to drain water into the Khu Khot Canal and flow out to Mae Nan. This kind of management style is also found in In Buri. Singburi Province

Economy:Dong Mae Nang Muang Archaeological Site has exchanged contacts with other ancient communities, for example, Khmer pottery from Phnom Kulen kilns. chinese wares including glassware Glass beads and semi-precious stones indicate contact with coastal cities. The discovery of these products indicates the connection between Dong Mae Nang Muang Archaeological Site and other communities. By attaching there may be 2 types:a group of wares, beads and glassware that may come from a coastal town in the lower Chao Phraya River basin. and that group of Khmer wares May enter from the Pa Sak - Lop Buri Basin and enter the Chao Phraya River via Chan Sen City and Khok Mai Den Archaeological Site, or may enter another overland route. Or it could be coming together from a single port city. The port is connected to the coastal port and serves to distribute goods to various communities.

Religion and belief The people of Dong Mae Nang Muang are probably Buddhists. Because of the archaeological evidence that shows the Buddhist faith. such as ancient sites Terracotta amulets, Buddha images and the use of sema leaves From the survey and excavation of Dong Mae Nang Muang Archaeological Site, 5 types of ancient monuments and pagodas were built as follows:

1. Octagon including pagoda number 1, the construction of the octagonal pagoda can also be found in the ancient city of Khu Bua. Ratchaburi Province

2. Square shape including pagoda numbers 2, 4, 6, 13, 14 and ancient monuments number 10. The construction of a square pagoda is also at Fa Daet Song Yang Ancient City. Kalasin Province Khok Maiden Ancient City Nakhon Sawan Province

3. Rectangular shape Including archaeological sites number 3 and 7. The construction of ancient monuments of this type is also found at the ancient city of Khu Bua. Ratchaburi Province

4. Pagoda style with recessed pagoda number 5

5. The hexagon is pagoda number 9

Terracotta amulets found at Dong Mae Nang Muang Archaeological Site can be arranged into 3 types:

1. Buddha's biography miracle episode which depicts the Buddha sitting and hanging his feet There are satellites on both the right and left. The upper part is made of a Buddha image sitting cross-legged on three lotuses. This print pattern is found in the ancient city of Nakhon Pathom and the southern part of Thailand.

2. Bodhgaya amulet Show the image of the Lord Buddha seated in a kiosk surrounding it. The side is surrounded by large and small pagodas. which is an amulet obtained from the Bodhgaya arch print found in India stamped under a continuous arch The top is a Sikh. Behind it appears a branch of a tree which represents the Bodhi Tree and shows the Dharma Chakramudra or Wikakamudra in both hands. This type of amulet is also found at the ancient city of Phong Tuek. Kanchanaburi Province

3. An amulet depicting a posture sitting under a Bodhi tree. Contemplation posture, flat on a square throne with a backrest. His hand was facing up to the level of the mouth. Phra Duchanee and Phra Angkut snuggle up in a circle. His left hand was facing up and placed over the shaft. Prathamonthon surrounds the Buddha's head Decorate the perimeter with flame tips. Surrounding the Buddha image, both sides are high equipment, including 2 sneezes, 2 bangsoons, 2 unknown high equipment, and a tier spread over the head, and there are also 3 people doing worship. This type of amulet is found in the northeastern region. such as at Muang Fa Daet Song Yang, etc.

governance and society From the inscription of Dong Mae Nang Muang It represents a society with a caste regime. which may have a supreme monarch As the message mentioned God Satan Which may have been influenced by the Khmer culture by the text that shows the influence of Khmer culture that is prominently displayed is the word Kamrateng Chakot, which is inscribed with this word. In many other inscriptions, such as Prasat Hin Phimai Inscription 3, Prasat Hin Phanom Wan Inscription 3, Prasat Hin Phra Wihan Inscription 2, the inscription usually contains the content of dedicating things to Kamorteng Chakot. Evidence of Khmer culture is Khmer wares from the Phnom Kulen kiln site, dated around the 16th-17th Buddhist century, but it shows the influence of Khmer culture that came to Dong Mae Nang Mueang Archaeological Site before bringing the government to manage the country.

The settlement theory of Dong Mae Nang Muang Archaeological Site is consistent with the central source theory. In the past, the ancient city of Dong Mae Nang may be used as a city through the passage of trade with other communities. between the central and northern regions The ancient city of Dong Mae Nang, this city also has easy access to trade with other communities. This is because the urban area and around the city have 7 consecutive waterways and wagons that may be used as land routes to connect with other communities.

Relevant local legend The story of Dong Mae Nang Muang Is it a myth or a myth? Explain the origin of the name of the district Dong Mae Nang Muang which is in Banphot Phisai District Nakhon Sawan Province, the city of “Dong Mae Nang Mueang” or “Muang Thanyaburi” is a city that used to flourish. ในอดีตเป็นเวลา 2,000 ปี นิทานเรื่องนี้ เป็นนิทานประเภทปรัมปรา สถานที่ที่อ้างถึง ในนิยายนั้น ในปัจจุบันยังมีอยู่ มีเรื่องเล่าดังนี้

เมืองดงแม่นางเมือง แต่ก่อนนี้มีเจ้าผู้ครองนครเป็นหญิง ทรงพระสิริโฉมมาก นามว่า “แม่ศรีเมือง” ความสิริโฉมงดงาม เป็นที่เลื่องลือระบือไปทั่วแคว้นแดนไกลนี่เอง จึงเป็นเหตุให้ เจ้าชายต่างเมืองทั้งหลาย เกิดใฝ่ฝันมีใจปฎิพัทธ์ จึงส่งเครื่องบรรณาการมาสู่ขอเจ้าหญิง ก็เป็นเหตุบังเอิญ ที่มาพร้อมกันสามเมือง คือ เจ้าเมืองกำแพงเพชร เจ้าเมืองพิจิตร และเจ้าชายอีกเมืองหนึ่งไม่ทราบชื่อ เมื่อเป็นเหตุบังเอิญเช่นนี้ ทางฝ่ายแม่ศรีเมือง ก็ทรงรับเครื่องบรรณาการทั้ง  3 เมืองไว้เพื่อไม่ให้เสียใจ และกระทบกระเทือนฝ่ายใดฝ่ายหนึ่ง ซึ่งจะเป็นชนวนก่อให้เกิดความบาดหมางขึ้นได้ เจ้าหญิงคิดหาทางออก เพื่อให้เกิดความยุติธรรมแก่ทุกฝ่าย เสนอว่า ให้มีการสร้างถนนเข้าเมืองของเจ้าหญิง ไปบรรจบกับเมืองของเจ้าชายแต่ละพระองค์ หากใครสร้างเสร็จก่อน เจ้าหญิงก็จะทรงอภิเษกสมรส เพราะความปฏิพัทธ์ลุ่มหลงในตัวเจ้าหญิง เจ้าชายทั้งสามพระองค์ ก็ตกลงตามข้อเสนอทันที แล้วก็เริ่มลงมือสร้างถนน โดยเจ้าชายเมืองกำแพงเพชร เริ่มสร้างถนนที่หัวบึงเฒ่า ในปัจจุบันนี้เรียกกันว่า “บ้านบึงเฒ่า” อยู่ในเขตหมู่ที่ 4 ตำบลด่านช้าง ซึ่งอยู่ทางทิศตะวันตกของดงแม่นางเมือง ส่วนเจ้าชายพิจิตร ตั้งค่ายสร้างถนนอยู่บ้านวงฆ้อง ใกล้เขาดินหนองหญ้าปล้อง ปัจจุบันคือ “บ้านวงฆ้อง”หมู่ที่ 2 ตำบลด่านช้าง เขาดิน ยังเป็นเนินดินอยู่ทางทิศเหนือ ของดงแม่นางเมือง ส่วนเจ้าชายอีกพระองค์หนึ่ง ได้ทรงเริ่มต้นสร้างถนนที่ บ้านทุ่งท่าเสา ปัจจุบันคือ "บ้านทุ่งท่าเสา" หมู่ที่ 4 ตำบลด่านช้าง ซึ่งอยู่ทางทิศตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ ของดงแม่นางเมือง แต่ทรงสร้างภายหลัง เจ้าเมืองสององค์นั้น ขณะสร้างอยู่นั้น ทรงเห็นว่าต้องแพ้เขาแน่นอน จึงเกิดเสียพระทัย เลยเทขนมนมเนย และขันหมาก ที่เคยเตรียมเอาไว้ เกลื่อนอยู่ในบริเวณนั้น จนได้ชื่อว่า “ทุ่งขนมหก” ปัจจุบันอยู่ที่หมู่ที่ 4 ตำบลด่านช้าง ติดต่อกับอำเภอขาณุวรลักษบุรี Kamphaeng Phet Province เมื่อเทขนมทิ้งแล้ว ก็หาได้รื้อถอนค่าย กลับไปแต่อย่างใดไม่ คงให้ตั้งค่ายคุมเชิงอยู่ ปล่อยให้เจ้าชายทั้งสองพระองค์แข่งขันกันต่อไป