- Ice axes: These are used for climbing on ice and digging into it.
- Crevasse rescue systems: These are used to rescue people who have fallen into crevasses.
- Ice augers: These are used to drill holes in ice for taking measurements.
- Snow pits: These are dug to study the layers of snow and ice.
- Ground-penetrating radar: This is used to map the thickness of glaciers and ice sheets.
- Seismic refraction: This is used to measure the speed of sound waves through ice.
- Mass balance stakes: These are used to measure the amount of ice that is lost or gained by a glacier or ice sheet over time.
- Weather stations: These are used to measure the weather conditions on glaciers and ice sheets.
- Satellite imagery: This is used to study glaciers and ice sheets from space.
- Computer models: These are used to simulate the behavior of glaciers and ice sheets.