1. Preparation:
- The body was thoroughly washed with water and various purifying substances.
- The brain was carefully removed through the nostrils or behind the eyes to drain fluids and prevent brain decomposition.
- All internal organs were removed, except for the heart, which was believed to be the seat of intelligence and emotion.
2. Embalming:
- Body cavities were packed with linen or other materials to fill the spaces left by removed organs.
- The body was then covered in natron, a natural salt, which helped to absorb moisture and dry out the tissues.
- The natron was left for a period of 40 days, after which the body was washed again.
3. Linen Wrapping:
- The corpse was wrapped in long, linen bandages that were treated with ointments or resins.
- Linen was applied in strips from head to toe, creating several layers of wrapping that further preserved the body.
- During this stage, amulets and other objects were often placed between layers or inside the bandages to protect the deceased in the afterlife.
4. Application of Resins:
- Aromatic resins, such as myrrh and cedar oil, were applied to the body to provide an additional layer of protection and pleasant fragrance.
- The head was often covered in a special mixture to protect and enhance its features.
5. Painting:
- The outer layers of bandages were often painted with religious texts, prayers, and images to ensure the deceased's journey to the afterlife.
6. Sarcophagus and Burial:
- The prepared mummy was placed in a coffin, or sarcophagus, which was intricately decorated and often made of wood or stone.
- The coffin was then sealed and placed in a tomb along with funerary offerings to sustain the deceased in the afterlife.
This process of mummification was reserved for pharaohs, nobles, and other wealthy and important individuals. By preserving their bodies, ancient Egyptians believed that they would be able to enjoy eternal life in the afterlife with the gods.