Exercises on Ancient Greece

(Consesp - adapted) During the Classical Period, Greek polis vied for supremacy throughout Greece. This phase was marked by hegemonies and imperialisms in the Greek world that

a) founded the first city-states of antiquity.

b) ended a fratricidal war between the Greeks themselves, ending with their decadence and domination by the Macedonians.

c) initiated the Greek domination by other regions, thus forming a large and rich empire.

d) disintegrated the gentile system, while population growth made gene production insufficient.

e) all of the above.

(Gualimp - adapted) Starting in 508 BC, the archon Cleisthenes introduced a series of reforms in Athens with great political and social impact, consolidating the so-called democratic period. To protect democracy, Cleisthenes created ostracism, which consisted of:

a) expel from the city for 10 years anyone who posed a threat to democracy.

b) dissolve the power of the aristocracies, which, in practice, dominated the political scene.

c) allow the people's assembly to vote on laws, choose magistrates and decide how to spend public money.

d) establish a council of citizens, chosen by lot, who meet annually to prepare projects of public interest.

e) authorize the arrest and execution of individuals who disturbed the order, provided that the authorization of the Appeal was obtained.

(Gualimp - adapted) Eupatrids, metics and slaves are social classes belonging to:

a) Constantinople, in the domain of Mediterranean trade.

b) Sparta, at the height of militarism.

c) Athens, in the democratic period.

d) Rome, in the period of republican expansion.

e) Corinth, in the period before the Peloponnesian War

(Fundatec) Pedro Paulo Funari (GREECE; ROME, 2004) stated that the Mycenaean world disappeared in the 11th century BC. gradually, without knowing what happened. Palaces ceased to be used, as did writing, until a new civilization, without palaces, came into being.

In this context, mark the correct alternative.

a) The Mycenaean civilization flourished, and its main economic activity was agriculture, controlled and practiced by patriarchal communities.

b) The Mycenaeans left no written documents, but large amounts of archaeological remains were found that contributed to the understanding of this civilization.

c) The oldest documents after Mycenae are the poems attributed to Homer, the poet who would have organized the written records of the war between the Greeks and Trojans.

d) The poem Iliad describes Odysseus' return from Troy to the island of Ithaca, on which he faced storms and the song of sirens—birds with female heads that inhabited a desert island and lured sailors to their death.

e) The arrival of the Greeks to the territory meant the arrival of a new element that mixed with its predecessors to slowly create a civilization and extend it; that is, it was a great mixture of cultural elements adapted by the Greeks.

The Plague of Athens was an unknown disease that affected the city in the 5th century BC, causing the death of 1/3 of the Athenian population. This epidemic took place at the same time that Athens was participating in the

a) Punic Wars.

b) Medical Wars.

c) Peloponnesian War.

d) Battle of Chaeronea.

e) Alexander's Wars.

Which of the periods does not correspond to the history of Ancient Greece:

a) Pre-Homeric Period

b) Homeric Period

c) Republican Period

d) Classic Period

e) Hellenistic Period

Which of these peoples was not part of the formation of the Greek people in the Pre-Homeric period:

a) Cretans

b) People of the Sea

c) Mycenaeans

d) Dorians

e) Ionians

The homoioi represented which social class:

a) the metics in Athens

b) the helots in Sparta

c) the periecos, in Sparta

d) the Eupatrids in Athens

e) the Spartans in Sparta

The empire of Alexander of Macedon was built in 12 years. Alexander's last major battle against the Persian king Darius III took place in:

a) Gaugamela

b) This

c) Grain

d) Get up

e) Alexandria

How did the Greeks recognize foreign peoples who neither spoke Greek nor shared Hellenic culture:

a) barbarians

b) compatriots

c) companions

d) strangers

e) foreigners

Which Persian kings fought in the Medical Wars?

a) Cyrus and Artaxerxes

b) Dario and Ciro

c) Artaxerxes and Xerxes

d) Darius and Xerxes

e) Artaxerxes and Darius

What was the Greek god known to be lord of the underworld?

a) Apollo

b) Zeus

c) Poseidon

d) Hermes

e) Hades

LETTER B

In the Classical Period, the polis fought for dominance over Greece during the Peloponnesian War, in which Athens and its allies fought Sparta and its allies. This war and other battles that followed it weakened Greece, allowing the Macedonians to conquer it in the 4th century BC.

LETER A

Ostracism was a punishment that existed in Athens in the 5th century BC. It was a mechanism used against individuals who violated the right of citizens to take a political stand. Ostracism required that a person be expelled from Athens for a period of 10 years, and the originator of this practice was Cleisthenes.

LETER C

The three classes mentioned were part of Athenian society, the Eupatrids being the Athenian aristocracy; the metics, the foreigners who resided in Athens; and slaves in Classical Period Athens were prisoners of war, whereas in Archaic Period Athens they could be both prisoners of war and people in debt.

LETTER E

The arrival of Hellenic peoples to the southern region of the Balkan Peninsula was what led to the emergence of the Greek people. The formation of the Greeks was given by the mixture of Aeolian, Ionians, Dorians, Mycenaeans and Cretans.

LETTER C

The Plague of Athens happened between 430 BC. and 427 BC, therefore, during the early years of the Peloponnesian War, conflict between Athens and Sparta fought between 431 BC. and 404 BC. The plague of Athens killed 1/3 of the Athenian population, including the city's ruler, the lawgiver Pericles.

LETER C

The Republican Period does not correspond to Greek history, but to Roman history, extending from 509 BC. to 27 BC The Greek period not mentioned in the alternatives was the Archaic (800-500 BC).

LETER B

The Sea Peoples are a civilization of totally unknown origin that is believed to have been related to the decline of pre-Homeric civilizations in Greece. The Sea Peoples are also believed to be related to the decadence of the Hittites and the Egyptians in the same period. It is not known where they came from, but it is believed that they attacked all these places arriving by sea.

LETTER E

Homoioi was an expression used by Spartan Spartans to refer to their social class counterparts. The expression means "equals", and only the Spartans, the Spartan aristocracy, were called that.

LETER A

The Battle of Gaugamela was the final battle of Alexander of Macedon against Darius III, King of Persia. It took place in Persian territory, in the year 330 BC, and resulted in a great defeat for Darius III. The Persian king fled, but was murdered by a subject who betrayed him.

LETER A

Foreign peoples who did not share Hellenic culture and language were called by the Greeks barbarians , an ethnocentric term with a pejorative connotation, since it identified all foreigners as “savage”, “rustic” peoples. From this term came the Portuguese word barbaros.

LETER D

Darius the Great and Xerxes I were the two Persian kings responsible for taking troops from their empire to fight the Greek polis during the Medical Wars. The union of the Greek polis against the Persian invaders meant that the two mentioned kings were defeated and forced to withdraw their troops from Greece.

LETTER E

Hades was the Greek god known as the lord of the underworld, also known as Hades. This god was Zeus' brother and married to Persephone, the goddess he married after kidnapping her. The Greeks feared the power of Hades and avoided even mentioning his name.