Exercises on Spanish colonial society

II – In the areas of Portuguese colonization, particularly in the regions destined for the manufacture of sugar, the slave labor of black Africans and/or local indigenous people.

III – North of the North American Atlantic coast, an area of ​​English colonization, there was the establishment of small and medium properties, in which both free labor and servitude were used by contract.

IV – In the Caribbean region, in areas of English and French colonization, there was the implementation of large farming, geared towards export and based on the predominant use of the hand of work of African slaves.

Check the correct alternative.

1. Only statements I and II are correct.
2. Only statements I, II and III are correct.
3. Only statements II, III and IV are correct.
4. Only statements I, III and IV are correct.
5. All statements are correct.

(UFRJ) Read the text below.

One ​​of the periods [in the history of Mexico] most crossed out, erased and mended with the greatest fury has been that of New Spain. [...] New Spain is not like pre-Columbian or present-day Mexico. And much less with Spain, although it was a territory submitted to the Spanish crown.

PEACE, O. Sóror Juana Inés de la Cruz:The tricks of faith. São Paulo:Mandarin, 1998.

About the colonial society built in New Spain, it is correct to say that:

1. relied, as in Brazilian colonial society, on a bipolar division between masters on one side and African slaves on the other, since the indigenous had been almost absolutely exterminated in the process of conquest by disease or by the violence of the colonizer.
2. distincted from other colonial societies, as the social differences present in it were of class, and not of an ethical nature:it did not matter the color of the skin for the determination of a social place, but the possessions of an individual.
3. it was, as in many colonial societies, a society of superiors and inferiors that, however, recognized the mestizos, children of white lords with indigenous women, as part of the local political elite, being called niggers.
4. the privileges of colonial society fell exclusively on the white minority, which presented, however, an internal division between those whites born in Europe, occupying higher-level positions, and those born in America, occupying clearly secondary positions in the social hierarchy.
5. was constituted in a society with a very clear hierarchical structure, at the base of which were groups deprived of any social rights:Indians and black Africans, both working as slaves and being treated exclusively as merchandise, sold and bought in large markets in major Mexican cities.

About Spanish colonial society in America, indicate the statement that contains incorrect information .

1. The fact of being born and raised in Europe or the New World did not influence the privileges held by the wealthier classes, since the positions occupied in the social pyramid were related only to economic power.
2. The right to property, usually granted by strict metropolitan control, guaranteed a comfortable economic condition and the exploitation of the labor of those who were deprived of such autonomy.
3. The absolute majority of the colonial population was formed by indigenous people, who had their labor systematically exploited by the Spaniards.
4. Fruit of the involvement between the European and the indigenous, the mestizos lived on the fringes of colonial policy, surviving from various means in urban and rural Hispanic spaces.
5. The criollos lived in an affluent economic condition, being able to trade, own land and exploit the native and slave labor force.

“[...] The first colonization was carried out by a handful of men. In Spain, from the beginning, emigration was controlled by the Casa de Contratación :a license was needed to settle in America, only the subjects of the Crown of Castile could obtain it – converts of Jewish origin were excluded. [...]”

IRON, Marc. History of colonization: from conquests to independence – 13th to 20th centuries. São Paulo:Companhia das Letras, 1996.

Upon arriving in America, these Spaniards began to enjoy privileges by birth and upbringing in Europe, occupying high civil and military posts. Indicate the alternative that correctly names these Spaniards.

1. Criollos.
2. Cabildos.
3. Chapetones.
4. Order.
5. Mestizos.

Letter C . In the areas of Spanish colonization it was not explored exclusively Amerindian labor. There were places, as in the Caribbean region, where the labor of enslaved Africans was used.

Letter D . The distinction of birthplace was a component of the division existing in the elite of Spanish colonial society.

Letter A . While economic power has an influence on location within the social structure, being born and raised in Spain was a more important determination.

Letter C .