1. Battle of Bosworth Field: The Battle of Bosworth Field took place on August 22, 1485. It marked the end of the Wars of the Roses in England. King Richard III was defeated by Henry Tudor, who claimed the English throne as King Henry VII, initiating the Tudor period in English history.
2. Death of Richard III: King Richard III was killed on the battlefield during the Battle of Bosworth Field on August 22, 1485. His death marked the end of the Plantagenet dynasty.
3. Accession of Henry VII: After winning the Battle of Bosworth Field, Henry Tudor ascended the English throne as King Henry VII. He united the houses of York and Lancaster by marrying Elizabeth of York, the eldest daughter of King Edward IV.
4. Discovery of North America: Christopher Columbus embarked on his first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean, sponsored by the Spanish monarchy, in search of a new route to Asia. Although his initial goal was not achieved, this voyage resulted in the discovery of the Americas in October 1485, though Columbus himself believed that he had landed in East Asia.
5. Printing Press in England: The printing press, a revolutionary technology, was introduced to England in 1485. William Caxton, an English merchant, was credited with bringing the printing press to England and set up his printing press in Westminster. This event paved the way for advancements in communication, literature, and the spread of knowledge.
6. Establishment of Star Chamber: The Star Chamber, a powerful judicial court in England, was established by King Henry VII in 1485. It consisted of senior members of the royal council and functioned as a court of equity and justice, dealing with political crimes, civil cases, and cases of treason.
7. Peace of Etaples: The Peace of Etaples, a treaty between England and France, was signed on November 3, 1485. It ended the conflict between the two nations known as the Hundred Years' War, which had been ongoing for over a century. The treaty established a peace and friendship alliance between England and France.