Sankhaburi

Terrain

General Condition

Sankhaburi is an ancient city surrounded by a moat and earth. But now almost all of them have deteriorated. because the ditch was shallow and was filled Including the embankment is plowed for agriculture.

The condition of the area is generally floodplain. mainly by the action of Mae Nam Noi.

Height above mean sea level

Waterway

Noi River, Chao Phraya River, Khlong Hua Nong

Geological conditions

flat area deposited by sediment during the Holocene era.

Archaeological Era

era/culture

Archaeological age

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

Muang Sankhaburi before the 19th Buddhist century (Anocha Tubtim 2014)

Sankhaburi City is located in the Upper Chao Phraya River Basin. which is the land of the mouth of the old river There has been a development of living since the Dvaravati period. which are found in large numbers Later, around the 16th-18th Buddhist century, Khmer culture has spread in the central region of Thailand. Like other ancient cities in the central region, Sankhaburi also adopted Khmer culture, with many Khmer-influenced artifacts such as a Buddha image carved from sandstone. Some of them were found in the area of ​​Phra Borommathat Chedi. Wat Phra Borommathat Worawihan Age around the 18th Buddhist century and found a sandstone lintel that was attached to the back of the Buddha image of Luang Por Chai inside the Viharn of Wat Phra Kaew. that shows the important characteristics of Khmer art in the Bapuan period (Khongdej Prapatthong 1967:96) assumed that Sankhaburi would have been influenced by the Khmer culture centered on Lopburi during that period. The Khmer culture that came to make the former Dvaravati culture disappear by changing to the Khmer culture which has both political and cultural power. especially around the 17th-18th Buddhist century

Sankhaburi city after the 19th century (Anocha Tubtim 2014)

Around the 19th-20th Buddhist century, it was a time when the Sukhothai Kingdom was prosperous. and very stable in religion It is a city of absolute power. have a wide territory As in the main Sukhothai stone inscription 1 (year 1826) mentions the territory of the Sukhothai Kingdom that

“...There is a wide city with many elephants. Conquer the East Survive Sa Luang, Song Khwae, Lum Ba Chai, Saka, foot, the shore of Thoeng, Vientiane, Vientiane in the past, above the head, Survive at Prabang, Phrabang, Suphanphum, Ratchaburi, Phetchaburi, Si Thammarat, the coast of the ocean was last" (Department of Fine Arts, 1972 :26)

The word above which appears in this text has been interpreted to refer to the city south of Sukhothai Kingdom There is a town named "Prak" which probably refers to the area of ​​Tambon Phraek Sriracha, Amphoe Sankhaburi at present. The inclusion of Phraek in the territory of Sukhothai Show that this city is probably It was the capital of the Sukhothai Kingdom. Consistent with the artistic evidence found to create a flower-shaped chedi Lotus, a symbol of the Sukhothai Kingdom at Wat Tanot Lai which is considered a lotus bud shaped pagoda on the way Southernmost in Thai territory And it is the only chedi built in the jurisdiction of Ayutthaya that has never been seen before. (Department of Art History 2007 :34)

During this Wednesday of the 19th-20th century, there were also Lop Buri and Suphan Buri which were important cities. Although there is no political power and governance like the Sukhothai Kingdom or Ayutthaya. But the influence on ancient craftsmanship still exists. And these two cities are located closer to Sankhaburi than Sukhothai and Ayutthaya. The craftsmanship of Sankhaburi is therefore also influenced by the arts of Suphan Buri and Lopburi.

Around the end of the 19th Buddhist century, a new kingdom was born in the lower central region. is Ayutthaya while the upper central region has the Sukhothai Kingdom. Sankhaburi became an important city located in the middle of the two big kingdoms. When Ayutthaya rose to power, it was able to occupy or annex the city of Sankhaburi. to come under the rule of Ayutthaya as a frontier city or an important Luk Luang city As the name suggests about Phraek Sriracha in the Ayutthaya Chronicle that in 1947, Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Chao Ai Phraya went to rule the city of Suphanphum (Suphan Buri), Chao Yi Phraya went to rule Phraek Sriracha (Sankhaburi) and Chao Sam Phraya Krung Muang Chainat (Phitsanulok) (Committee 1999 :218) during this period. The city of Sankhaburi was the most prosperous as the capital city. Many large temples and chedi were built such as Wan Mahathat, Song Phi Nong Temple, Tanot Lai Temple, etc.

Later in 1967, Chao Sam Phraya ascended the throne. Celebrating the name of King Borom Rachathirat II, he has successfully led an army to attack the Khmer city. and ordered his son, Prince Indra, to rule the city But Prince Indra passed away first. therefore gave Phraya Phraek (believed to be the second son) to rule the city instead Because the capital city is a big city to allow the stewards to rule inappropriately (History Settlement Committee 1996:188) All these evidences show that in the early Ayutthaya period Phraek Si Racha is the capital city of Ayutthaya. and is of secondary importance after the city Suphanburi, where the Ayutthaya kings let the crown prince go up to rule the city.

Later in the reign of King Borom Trai Lokanat Ayutthaya was able to annex Sukhothai. under complete rule Role of Phraek Sriracha, which used to be an important outpost city between the two great kingdoms, thus greatly reduced. is just a small town Only near Ayutthaya. In the royal chronicles, there is no indication of which king to let his son to rule Phraek Sriracha again. At the end of the reign of King Borom Trai Lokanat, 1759, there was a change in the status of the provinces. It is a city of the first class, Master, Tri and Jutva, where Phraek Sriracha is in the status of Jutwa, the ruler of Na 3000 and has given the city the name Sankhaburi. (Law enacted in 1962 :263-271)

Important ancient sites in Sankhaburi include Wat Mahathat, Wat Song Phi Nong, Wat Phra Kaew, Wat Tanot Lai, Wat Tha Sao (abandoned), Wat Phraya Phraek, Wat Chan, Wat Sanam Chai (abandoned).