Diego Ladrón de Guevara was a cleric, XXV Viceroy of Peru . He was born in Cifuentes (Guadalajara) in 1641 into an illustrious family, related to the Counts of Oñate and the Dukes of the Infantado. Possessor of estates in the towns of Hita and Cifuentes, he was the son of don Rodrigo de Guevara and doña Bernarda de Orozco . He studied Jurisprudence at the University of Alcalá de Henares until obtaining a bachelor's degree, and ran the Code chair there. After approving oppositions, he exercised the magisterial canonry in the cathedral of Sigüenza first and later in that of Malaga. From here he moved to the American continent, receiving in October 1689 the dignity of Bishop of Panama; in 1695 he had to temporarily assume the presidency of the royal audience of said city and the position of governor and captain general of Tierra Firme. Thereafter he he was promoted to the diocese of Huamanga, of which he took solemn possession on July 7, 1700 . Of his actions in this jurisdiction, it is worth highlighting the establishment of the University of San Cristóbal and the completion of the convent of Santa Teresa. Six years later, in 1706, he left to assume similar responsibilities in the bishopric of Quito.
He was serving the ecclesiastical government of Quito when the untimely death of the Viceroy Marquis of Castell-dos-Rius occurred in April 1710; and by the corresponding "providence statement" (commonly called "de shroud") he was appointed to exercise the viceroyalty of Peru, since the other two characters of the list -the Cuzco bishop González de Santiago and the Arequipeño bishop Antonio de León- they had previously died. In view of such news, he had to move to Lima to take care of political business. he officially assumed command on September 14, 1710 and he at once took defensive measures against the repeated incursion of English pirates, supplying large quantities of gunpowder to the forts that garrisoned the coast. During his rule, the inauguration of the Church of the Good Death (1712) and the arrival of the Capuchin nuns took place, with whom the monastery of Jesús María was founded in Lima. . He was accused of some excessive expenses and interference in the appointment of officials, charges from which he was exonerated in the trial of subsequent residence. he ceased in the viceregal command on March 2, 1716 , with a license granted in court to go to Spain. However, he remained in Lima until the conclusion of the aforementioned residency trial, entrusted to the mayor of crime Mr. José Potau. A valuable testimony about his mandate and his personality can be found in the work of Pedro de Peralta Barnuevo, Political image of the government of Excmo. Mr. Don Diego Ladrón de Guevara (1714).
The clergyman-viceroy embarked in March 1718, finally, bound for Spain. He took the road to Acapulco and, while passing through Mexico City, he died on November 9 of the same year , already almost octogenarian.
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