Wat Khao Phra Bat Yai

Terrain

General Condition

It is an abandoned temple located on Khao Phra Bat Yai. Outside the ancient city of Sukhothai to the southwest 1.8 kilometers from the moat to the southwest, adjacent to Sree Phong. (located on the southeast side of Seri Phong) about 600 meters south of Khlong Sao Homa.

Height above mean sea level

Waterway

Khlong Sao Hor, Yom River

Geological conditions

Khao Phra Bat Yai is a limestone mountain in the fishbone rock category. Lampang rock group Triassic period 245-210 million years ago (Department of Mineral Resources 2008 :15) formed in the marine sediment deposition environment in northern Thailand.

Archaeological Era

era/culture

Archaeological age

Mythological age

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

Wat Khao Phra Bat Yai is located on Khao Phra Bat Yai. Outside the ancient city of Sukhothai to the southwest 1.8 kilometers from the moat to the southwest, adjacent to Sree Phong. (Located on the southeast side of Sree Phong)

The archaeological site consists of the remains of a temple made of brick and stone. The important antiques found in the temple area include Inscription of Wat Khao Sumonkut and the footprint of the Buddha

Inscription of Wat Khao Sumonkut (Yacht Sedes 1978; 1983)

The main characteristics are inscriptions in the shape of a sema leaf, width 31 centimeters, height 90 centimeters, thickness 15 centimeters, inscribed in Thai Sukhothai characters. It was built in the reign of Phaya Lithai or Phra Maha Thammaracha I of Sukhothai. Construction era is not specified, but Prof. Dr. Prasert Na Nakhon assumes that it was built during 1902-1915 (Wacharaporn Angkourachatchai and Dok Rak Phayaksri 2546) discovered on Khao Phra Bat Yai by His Majesty King Mongkut. When he still held the rank of Crown Prince in 1908 (at present at the Wachirayan Library National Library)

The brief content of this inscription (Wacharaporn Angkourachatchai and Dokrak Payaksri 2003) is

The first side is a tribute to the Buddha's footprint. where Phraya Lue Thai Thammaracha 1 was enshrined on the top of Mount Sumonkut, the second side was a matter of worship. At the time of the Buddha's footprint parade on Sumonkut Hill, the third side was very damaged. but can still read the name Phraya Srisuriyapong Mahathammarachathirat that dharma king is the son of Phraya Lue Thai Thammaracha 1 as mentioned at the end of this inscription is the 4th side, line 15. It appears that “His Majesty had ascended the throne of Laksan Antonha (previously Prof. Yacht Seedes read "Antonchanok", but later Professor Dr. Prasert Na Nakorn re-examined it and found that The word Professor George Sedes reads as “Antonchanok” is correct to read “Anton Thang” because the letters in the inscription are so written. of the son of Phraya Lue Thai Thammaracha 1, therefore inaccurate, should be the inscription of Phraya Lue Thai himself) enshrined in the past over the mountain top Sumonkut”

In the inscription on the 3rd side, there is still a story that can be read. Phraya Srisuriyapong Mahathammarachathirat (Phra Maha Thammaracha 1) went to suppress the eastern provinces to the Sak River. Then came up and sat on two tributaries. (Phitsanulok) 7 years, beside the 3rd end, this refers to the territory of Sukhothai that spreads in that land. The inscription on the 4th side is about Phra Dhammaracha 1, who went to worship the Buddha's feet on Khao Sumonkut with the people of various cities. which depends on Sukhothai at that time have worshiped the Buddha's feet and please have this stone inscription.

Footprint

Wat Khao Phra Bat Yai used to be the place where a replica of the Buddha's footprint was enshrined in 1902, and is now enshrined at Wat Traphang Thong.

Phaya Lithai graciously to replicate the sacred footprints of the Buddha on Sumon Kut Mountain from Lanka (Khao Sumonakut or Samantakut It is an important name for the Buddha's footprint in Lanka. is what the British call "Adams Wing") to be enshrined on 4 mountains in Sukhothai (Santi Lek Sukhum 1997:104-105), namely 1. Khao Sumonkut, outside Sukhothai. 2. Mueang Si Satchanalai 3. Khao Nong, Mueang Bang Phan 4. Pak Khao Phra Bang Nakhon Sawan City (Pattama Ekmuang 2006 :12)

Sukhothai's Sumonkut Mountain is a mountain west of Sukhothai also known as His Majesty the King

Content in the 8th main inscription or inscription of Wat Khao Sumonkut It is said that the Buddha's footprint is enshrined that (Yorch Seedes 1978; 1983)

“This mountain's name is Sumonkut Banphot …

Name a name to print it

The feet of our Lord Buddha -

Aor Jomkhao Sumonkut Banphot .. in Lanka

The continent is enshrined above this mountain -

Let people see the footprints

The foot of our Lord Buddha has a pattern

Have a hundred and eight bright colors. Let the sprites and

They paid homage to .. …”

This footprint is made of gray stone slabs, width 19 inches, length 59 inches, is the right side Buddha footprint, carved with auspicious patterns 108 (Suthana Ketaram 1980 :32). Santi Leksukhum 1997 :105; Nantana Chutiwong 1990 :37) starting with Salak Mongkol 108 under the Phra Angkut (thumb), walking horizontally to the end of the line. until the footsteps Then reverse the narrow circle until it ends in the middle. which is the same method as Bagan (Sakchai Saising 2000 :44-45)

Characteristics of the deities that appear in this footprint, for example, the face is not clearly oval. shape of the crown with a high tiara tying with rings It is assumed that it was built during the reign of Phaya Lerthai. or the beginning of the reign of Phraya Lithai (Santi Lek Sukhum 1997:105)

While Prof. Sakchai Saising (2004 :30-31) commented that the pattern of the deva and monks with hands. Characteristics of the carving of the Buddha image, the foot and the hem are similar to the relief carving on the gold leaf decorated with Phra That Haripunchai. may be related And if this footprint is one of the many tracks that are said to have been built during the Phaya Lithai period It should be related to the form and duration.

Inside Wat Khao Phra Bat Yai, there are many amulets in the posture of a dance. that the villagers call "Wat Khao Phra Bat Yai" as well as nearby temples Wat Khao Chedi Ngam Khao Phra Bat Noi Temple Khao Taphan Hin Temple and Wat Tham Hek

In addition, Wat Khao Phra Bat Yai has legends related to “Khao Tok Phra Ruang” or “Khaosan Phra Ruang” that the villagers believe is a sacred object or a type of sacred stone found in Khao Phra Bat Yai. There is a legend that it originated from the words of Phra Ruang Chao, the ruler of Sukhothai in the past. while he was ordained at Wat Khao Phra Bat Yai on the day of Tak Bat Devo When I finished my meal The leftover rice from the alms bowl was scattered on the temple courtyard. and prayed that this flower would be turned into a stone. with a long lifespan for generations to come when someone has it to worship on the shelf or carry it will prosper with wealth escape from all dangers There is also a belief that If a square stone that has not been cut with lemon juice is applied to the wound area, it can neutralize all kinds of animal poisons. With beliefs from the past, it has resulted in the people of Sukhothai, especially the villagers of Tambon Muang Kao. Popular with rice cracked Phra Ruang, which is the only place in the world. The area around Wat Khao Phra Bat Come to cut and polish and rain with sandpaper until it is completely black stone like onyx. assemble with silverware until transformed into various jewelry such as necklaces, bracelets, rings, pendants, earrings, bracelets, etc. The remaining powder from the cutting was pounded and ground to make a mold of Phra Nang Phaya Sanaechan. or various prints It is believed to create prosperity for the wearer. (http://bankaotokprarung.com)

Therefore, Khao Tok Phra Ruang, popularly known by the locals, means a natural square stone embedded in a large rock. As for Khao Phra Ruang or Phra Ruang Rice, it looks like a ripe rice grain embedded in a black stone.

geological Khao Tok Phra Ruang is Limonite or a type of iron oxide. (2Fe₂ O₃ . H₂ O) Since this mineral does not have a colloidal crystalline form, it can crystallize through the crystallization of other minerals. In the case of Khao Tok Phra Ruang, the crystalline form of the mineral PYRITE (FeS₂ was used). ) It is called Limonite Pseudomorphed after Pyrite. This mineral is found mainly in Sukhothai and found embedded in decayed rocks along the foot of the Great Buddha Mountain. When the stone slab is shattered, the stone is shaped like a dice in the color of iron rust. or umber, some small, some large A large lump with a flat face about 2-3 cm in size, a small lump about 0.5 cm in diameter, and some large lumps that, if smashed again, will break into smaller lumps. The same square But some cubes are long squares.

Nowadays, jewelry made from Khao Tok Phra Ruang is a prominent local product.