He captured the Aztec Tlatoani (emperor) Montezuma and used him to gain control of Tenochtitlan, the Aztec capital. Then, Cortes extracted a ransom, including a significant amount of gold, from the Aztecs in exchange for Montezuma's freedom. Although gold played a vital role in Cortes' conquest of the Aztec Empire, it was power, glory, and the expansion of the Spanish dominion in the New World that were his primary motivations.