This image is directly related to a major political event of the 20th century, the namely:a) Independence from Turkey.b) Russian Revolution. c) Napoleonic Wars.d) Cold War.e) Chinese Revolution.
Question 02 - UNESP - 2004/2 - 1st day - Vladimir Ulyanov became known as Lenin and was considered the great leader of the Russian Revolution of 1917, which for the first time in history established a communist system of government. Communism has as one of its principles of social organizationa) the defense of free enterprise common to all.b) the privatization of state apparatus.c) free trade.d) the social stimulus to the production of speculative capital.e) socialization of the means of production.
Question 03 - UERR 2018 - The Russian Revolution of 1917 was a series of political events in Russia, which, after the elimination of Russian autocracy, and after the Provisional Government (Duma), resulted in the establishment of Soviet power under the control of the Bolshevik party. The result of this process was the creation of the Soviet Union, which lasted until 1991. In April 1917, the Bolshevik leader Lenin, exiled in Zurich (Switzerland), returned to Russia launching the April Theses. Based on the April Theses, it is correct to say that Lenin proposed:A) concession to national defense, giving full support to the provisional government. B) privatization of national banks and state properties. C) deconstitution of the International. D) the entire state power to the soviets. E) control of production by the bourgeoisie.
Question 04 - UERR 2018 - In 1917, the then Russian Empire came to an end, after centuries of despotic government and extreme social inequality, associated with archaic social and political structures. Tick the only incorrect alternative about the Russian Revolution and the Soviet Union (USSR).A) In the year 1917, two revolutions were witnessed in the country:in February (March, in the old Russian calendar), a great popular uprising forced the tsar to abdicate and bring to power a moderate provisional government, which ended censorship, released political prisoners and the formation of parties, but did not take Russia out of the war; in November (October, for the Russians at the time), the Bolsheviks seized power under the slogan “Peace, bread and land”.B) The great discontent of workers and peasants after the involvement of the Russian Empire in imperialist wars (the Russo-Japanese War 1905 and the First World War, which began in 1914), causing shortages and famine, led to the organization of self-management councils (soviets) in factories and military units, which made it possible to create a powerful force of opposition to the tsarist regime. After the revolutionaries' victory over internal forces and foreign invaders in a bloody civil war, Lenin's successors entered a fierce struggle for power, which ended with mass murders committed by Stalin, who sought to consolidate an almost absolute power.D) The crimes of Stalin were denounced by the Soviet government itself after his death, at the 20th Congress of the Soviet Communist Party, in 1956, when a new reformist leader ( Nikita Krushev) started the so-called “de-Stalinization” by freeing thousands of political prisoners, trying to raise the population’s standard of living and reducing repression. E) The USSR failed to industrialize after the 1917 Revolution, which would explain the country’s failure in the space race of the 1950s and 1960s against the USA, as it was the Americans who launched the first artificial satellite, as well as the first man and woman in space.
Question 05 - Mackenzie 2017/2 - Rosa Luxemburg, a distinguished Marxist intellectual, wrote, in 1918, the work The Russian Revolution. She carefully reads the following passage:“Freedom is always the freedom of those who think differently (...). The dictatorship of the proletariat must be the work of the class and not of a small minority ruling in the name of the class (...). Without general elections, without unrestricted freedom of the press, of meeting and discussion (...), a few dozen Party leaders (...) command and govern (...). Among them, the leadership, in fact, is in the hands of a dozen men, and an elite, chosen from the working class, is from time to time called upon to applaud the speeches of the chiefs and unanimously vote on the resolutions that are seized. . Rose Luxembourg. The Russian Revolution. Quoted in:Antoine Prost. Gerard Vincent (orgs). History of Private Life:From the First War to the present day. v.5. São Paulo:Companhia das Letras, 2009, pp.419-420It is correct to say that, for the author, the Russian revolutionary process (a) contributed to the imposition of proletarian laws for the rest of the Soviet Union. According to this view, the Soviets, as the socialist elite, would lead the rest of the Marxist countries.b) it resulted in the creation of a dictatorship by the party leaders, not the proletariat. In her view, the dictatorship of the proletariat should come from the class and not from a group of leaders who speak in its name. c) created a bureaucratic elite similar to other capitalist countries. Therefore, the Stalinist government should be replaced by the dictatorship of the proletariat, with ample participation of the urban working class in the running of the country. d) it resulted from a coalition of forces between the peasantry and the urban working class. Hence the need, pointed out in the text, to establish a centralized government, capable of bringing together diverse interests. The solution, according to the text, would be to pay attention to the multiple interests involved, and reconcile them in the government.
Question 06 - FUVEST 2003 - Transfer – Regarding the Russian Revolution of 1917 and its aftermath, indicate the historically correct alternative:a) the Bolshevik leader Kerensky sought to prevent Leon Trotsky from ascending to power; b) the Revolution nationalized banks and industries, but did not change social relations in the countryside; c) Lenin, faithfully following the Menshevik program, led Russia until his death in 1924; d) the NEP, New Economic Policy, meant the total transfer of power to the workers in the factories; e) the five-year plans aimed at creating of heavy industry and the collectivization of agriculture.
Question 07 - UFU 2000 -2 - In the fall of the tsarist regime and the outbreak of the Russian Revolution in 1917, there was the participation of leaders, groups and opposition organizations with divergences in the strategy of forwarding the movement. In this regard, mark the correct alternative. A) For the Mensheviks, under the leadership of Stalin, the exit of Russia from the First World War was fundamental, in order to recover the economy, and the organization of a party of professional and disciplined revolutionaries that would lead the workers in the immediate outbreak of the revolution.B) For the Bolsheviks, led by Lenin, the bourgeoisie should be the initial driver of the October 1917 revolution, developing capitalism and creating conditions for the later implantation of socialism.C) The soviets, councils formed by workers, peasants and soldiers, played a decisive role in the management of the revolution, but then lost strength with the centralization of decisions assumed by the Communist Party. D) Trotsky, commander of the Red Army, defended a revolution limited to Russia, with the construction of a strong revolutionary state, to then seek the internationalization of socialism.
Question 08 - UTFPR 2008 - Summer - 1st test - “The Bolsheviks, since April 1917, encouraged the people to take the solution of problems into their own hands. They defended, together with the anarchists - but these were not very expressive -, the handing over of all power to the soviets. Thus, they were able to assume the great wave of the social movement that, in the defense of their immediate interests, would end up sweeping the Provisional Government and the capitalist system that it embodied.”
(REIS FILHO, Daniel A. The Russian Revolution (1917-1921). São Paulo:Brasiliense, 1989, pages 71 and 72).
The excerpt of the text above refers to the Russian Revolution of 1917. About this it is correct to say:
I) In November 1917, the Bolsheviks, commanded by Lenin and Trotsky, took power. Soon after, they signed peace with Germany, carried out a radical agrarian reform and nationalized banks, industries and means of transport.
II) The White Russians, supported by the capitalist powers (England, France and the USA), resisted and started a bloody civil war that lasted three years (1918-1921), which was won by the Red Army.
III) After all the revolutionary process, the Russian economy was devastated. To regain it, Lenin adopted the NEP, loosening controls on foreign investment, the agricultural surplus and small businesses.
IV) In 1924, Lenin died and was replaced by Trotsky, who went on to persecute all his opponents ( mainly the supporters of Stalin), suppressed the NEP and adopted the five-year plans.
Only the following propositions are correct:
A) I, II and III.
B) I, III and IV.
C) II, III and IV.
D) I and IV.
E) I and II.
Question 09 - UFF 2000 - The Russian Revolution, which started the process of building socialism in the former USSR, ended in 1917, marked by two moments. The first, in February, when the Mensheviks organized the provisional government, and the second, in October, when the Bolsheviks took over the leadership of the revolution and made it victorious. Regarding the Mensheviks and Bolsheviks, it is stated:
I) The Mensheviks defended the construction of socialism through alliances with the bourgeoisie linked to big capital.
II) The Bolsheviks considered capitalism consolidated in Russia and intended to mobilize the masses towards socialism, without any alliances with the bourgeois sectors.
III) Mensheviks and Bolsheviks were denominations resulting from the geographical origin of the revolutionaries:the Mensheviks had their social origin in urban centers and the Bolsheviks were linked to rural bases.
With respect to these statements, it can be concluded that:
(A) Only I and II are correct.
(B) Only I and III are correct. are correct.
(C) Only II and III are correct.
(D) Only II is correct.
(E) Only III is correct.
Question 10 - CEFET-AL - 2013 - IF-AL - At the beginning of the 20th century, Russia was going through a historic moment in which the social inequalities that were installed made peasants and workers politically mobilized. In the countryside, rural workers lived in appalling conditions legitimized by a government that preserved the feudal privileges of the aristocratic class. In view of this situation, various political and social groups came together aiming at the fall of the tsarist regime and triggering the Russian Revolution in 1917.
About these segments that actively participated in the Russian revolutionary process of 1917, indicate the correct alternative:
a) Trotsky, one of the Bolshevik leaders and commander of the Red Army, advocated a revolution limited to Russia, with the construction of a strong revolutionary state, to then seek the internationalization of socialism.
b) For the Mensheviks, under Kerensky's leadership, Russia's exit from the First World War was essential in order to recover the economy, and the organization of a party of professional and disciplined revolutionaries to lead the workers in the immediate outbreak of the revolution.
c ) The soviets, councils formed by workers, peasants and soldiers, were essential for the overthrow of tsarism, and were significantly strengthened in the course of the entire revolutionary process. revolutionary, constituting the main force of support of the new regime.
d) Mensheviks and Bolsheviks were denominations resulting from the geographical origin of the revolutionaries:the Mensheviks had their social origin in urban centers, and the Bolsheviks were linked to rural bases .
e) Women played a significant role in the Russian revolutionary process; many even joined the Red Army. Immediately after the Revolution, a series of political, economic and social rights were realized, such as the right to vote and be voted without any restrictions, maternity leave and the principle of equal work, equal pay to men.
INTRODUCTION 01 - B02 - E03 - D04 - E05 - B06 - E07 - C
08 - A
09 - A
10 - E