History of Asia

What kind of person is Hojo Yoshitoki, the main character of [13 Lords of Kamakura]? ??

Behind the success of Minamoto no Yoritomo was the support of Mr. Hojo.

After Yoritomo's death, it was Hojo Yoshitoki, his father Tokimasa, and his sister Masako who took control of the Kamakura Shogunate. Together, these three people helped each other to build the foundation of the Kamakura Shogunate and solidify the power of Mr. Hojo as an authority.

The 2022 NHK Taiga drama is [ The 13 Lords of the Kamakura ], And Yoshitoki Hojo, the authority of the Kamakura Shogunate, became the main character. So, this time, I would like to write the character image centering on Hojo Yoshitoki, including the preparation for the taiga drama.

Birth of Hojo Yoshitoki

1163 Yoshitoki was born as the second son of Hojo Tokimasa. When Yoshitoki was born, the Hojo clan was a local lord of Izu.

At that time, Mr. Hojo was one of the people who supported Minamoto no Yoritomo, who had been imprisoned by Izu.

Since Tokimasa's daughter, Masako, was the regular room of Minamoto no Yoritomo, Genji and Hojo have a deep relationship.

Hojo Tokimasa was also used as an aide to Yoritomo in the Genpei War and the Kamakura Shogunate.

The end of the Heian period was a time when the real power of politics was about to shift from the public family to the samurai family, and the Heiji rebellion Then, Genji and Taira fought each other in the battle between the imperial family and the regents, and after Taira's side, Emperor Shirakawa won.

Genji's master who lost the battle with Taira, Minamoto no Yoshitomo Will be killed during the flight.

At this time, Mr. Hojo was ordered to monitor Minamoto no Yoritomo, who was swept away on Izu Peninsula. It is said that this is the beginning of the relationship between Mr. Hojo and Mr. Genji.

Minamoto no Yoritomo's recruitment

When Minamoto no Yoritomo raised a soldier to overthrow the Taira clan, Tokimasa Hojo and Yoshitoki parents and children will also participate. It seems that Yoshitoki played an important role in the battle of Ashiyaura.

Furthermore, Mr. Hojo not only participated in the war, but also struggled to obtain the cooperation of samurai in the Kanto region, and Tokimasa and Yoshitoki parents and children established their position within Genji.

When Minamoto no Yoritomo defeated his younger brother Yoshitsune, he captured Mr. Fujiwara Oshu, but it seems that Yoshitoki had gained trust by his side at this time as well.

Introduction of a consensus system of thirteen people

Minamoto no Yoritomo opens the Kamakura Shogunate and dies suddenly when he thinks he has ended the war.

After Yoritomo, the second generation, Minamoto no Yoriie, succeeded the family. However, it is said that Yoriie had a strong dictatorship, and Masako Hojo and Genji's senior vassals created a collegial system to prevent Yoriie's dictatorship. It was 1199.

The 13 Lords of the Kamakura in the NHK Taiga drama refer to the 13 people selected by this collegial system.

In this 13-member consensus system, not only the shogun but also 13 influential gokenins will discuss and decide the direction of politics, and one of the figures is Hojo Tokimasa / Yoshitoki parent and child. There is also.

The 13 people selected were not on good terms. For example, Hiki Yoshikazu who had his daughter carried by the second shogun, Yoriie. Was not pleased with the rise of Mr. Hojo.

When Minamoto no Yoriie fell ill, it was decided by a consensus system of thirteen people that the territory of Minamoto no Yoriie would be divided into children. However, Yoriie is uncomfortable with this.

So Yoriie is his wife's father, Hiki Yoshikazu . He orders Hojo Tokimasa to be eliminated, but when he learns of it, he immediately destroys Hiki Yoshikazu and his clan, and also kills Yoriie's child. Minamoto no Yoriie is also banished by this turmoil.

Conflict with Hojo Tokimasa's inauguration of authority

The third shogun was Minamoto no Sanetomo , the second son of Yoritomo. was. At this time, Hojo Tokimasa is mandokoro-specific Inaugurated as [authority] I got the real power of politics. Therefore, Tokimasa Hojo continued to eliminate influential gokenins other than Mr. Hiki.

And finally, Tokimasa and Yoshitoki will be in conflict.

When Tokimasa attempted to kill Shogun Minamoto no Sanetomo, Yoshitoki and Masako blocked the attempt on the side of Minamoto no Sanetomo. Tokimasa's coup d'etat ended in failure and was dismissed. Hojo Yoshitoki took office as the next authority.

At this time, Yoshitoki was appointed not only to the government office but also to the samurai-dokoro, consolidating his position as an authority.

Jokyu War broke out

The event in which Mr. Hojo became a solid authority was Jokyu War . was.

Both Yoriie and Minamoto no Sanetomo were assassinated, and Yoritomo's lineal relatives disappeared. So, at the time of Yoshitoki, he tried to welcome a general from the Emperor of Kyoto, but he was rejected by Emperor Go-Toba after he was planning to restore the power of the imperial court.

Emperor Go-Toba took advantage of the assassination of the shogun to consolidate his territory in Kyoto and establish a strong cloister rule. Taking the absence of the shogun as an opportunity, the emeritus issued a decree to subdue Yoshitoki and formed a subjugation army.

In Kamakura, where Emperor Go-Toba's information on the subjugation of Yoshitoki was entered, Hojo Yoshitoki and Masako's younger brother persuaded the Gokenins of the Kanto region to return the Emperor's army.

I will link to the details of the Jokyu War, so please refer to it ...

Completion of politics of authority [authority] is hereditary to Mr. Hojo ...

Jokyu War With the victory of Mr. Hojo, the power of the emperor was weakened, and the rule of the Kamakura Shogunate was extended to the whole country. After that, the generals of the Kamakura Shogunate will be welcomed from the regents and the imperial family, but all of them are formal puppet generals, and the Shogunate's real power will be held by Mr. Hojo.

At the time of Hojo Yoshitoki, he finally seized power in a conflict following the conflict.

However, these stories were compiled at the center of the Kamakura Shogunate [ Azuma Kagami . ], And it is said that there are various theories about the circumstances and circumstances of the conflict.

Hojo Yoshitoki, who was trusted by Minamoto no Yoritomo

Minamoto no Yoritomo makes Hojo Yoshitoki the best of his vassals with Yoshitoki ] Name [ Be sure to assist descendants on other days 】It said. Being an assistant to my descendants the other day meant that one day I would definitely be an assistant to my descendants.

After the death of Minamoto no Yoritomo, the Hojo clan supported the Kamakura Shogunate as an authority, so it can be said that the prediction was correct. However, since the shogun was completely a puppet by Mr. Hojo, it was far from the future that Yoritomo had seen.

Personality of Hojo Yoshitoki

What kind of personality was Hojo Yoshitoki, who was trusted by Minamoto no Yoritomo?

Since he is a person nearly 1000 years ago, he can only guess from the remaining historical materials. From there, you can see that Hojo Yoshitoki is very good at riding a winning horse.

In short, I had a lot of eyes to see the passage of time.

In the battle between Genji and Taira, Yoritomo's trust has been won by the Genji side, who was said to be disadvantaged. Also, even in the power struggle of the Kamakura Shogunate, he was always on the winning side.

The general was more of a real morning than Yoriie, and when his father tried to kill him, he also eliminated his real father. He wasn't a family member or a monarch, he always identified the strong and established his position.

In addition to seeing the current trends, there is always a calm judgment and the chosen side [ winning horse . ] Maybe he had the ability and strong will to do it.

Flexible learning from Hojo Yoshitoki

Hojo Yoshitoki, along with his father, Tokimasa, will rise from the Izu family to take control of the Kamakura Shogunate. As a result of making flexible choices without being bound by stereotypes, he was able to seize the power of the Kamakura Shogunate.

He also points his blade at his lord and eliminates even his real parents in order to expand and maintain his power.

The time when Hojo Yoshitoki lived was also a period of turmoil. Modern society is also extremely confused by corona overruns. It is not possible to simply compare, but the way of life in righteousness should be applicable in the present world.

Because of the current world, good results may be obtained by abandoning one's stereotypes and making flexible decisions from a broad perspective.