- Government documents, such as laws, treaties, and court records
- Personal diaries, letters, and other correspondence
- Newspapers, magazines, and other periodicals
- Books and pamphlets
- Maps, charts, and other visual materials
Non-written sources:
- Archaeological artifacts, such as tools, weapons, and pottery
- Buildings and other structures
- Artworks, such as paintings, sculptures, and mosaics
- Music, dance, and other forms of cultural expression
- Oral histories and other forms of traditional knowledge