Russo-Japanese War However, the Japanese side was not able to afford the victory due to full-blown wounds.
The national burden of the war expenses was enormous and exceeded the limit.
People who were dissatisfied with the burden of war expenses
Even in the defeated Russia, the momentum of the revolution increased and domestic politics was in crisis.
European countries are not affected by the revolution, and under the mediation of the United States, the Portsmouth Treaty To conclude.
The contents of the Treaty of Portsmouth are ...
- Recognize Japan's interests in South Korea
- Russia transfers Lushunkou / Dalian concession rights and railway rights south of Changchun from Qing
- Transfer Sakhalin and the attached archipelago south of latitude 50 degrees north
- Recognize fishing rights on the Russian coast and Kamchatka
Is included, and Japan demands 1.5 billion yen in compensation from Russia However, I couldn't win the compensation because of the strong refusal of Russia.
When it became known that compensation could not be obtained under the peace treaty, the people who had endured the hardships of living due to tax increases and price increases during the war received fierce opposition, and on September 5, when the treaty was signed, at Hibiya Park in Tokyo. A national demonstration against peace was held.
After the dissolution of the demonstration, the people were police stations, police boxes, streetcars, government newspapers . The Hibiya burning incident that attacks such as and causes riots occurs. Due to this riot, the army was dispatched and martial law was issued to Tokyo, but the turmoil spread all over the country, and riots against the peace treaty also occurred in Yokohama and Kobe.
A series of riots 17 dead and 2000 injured 311 people for religious sins Was indicted. Most of them were people located in the lower layers of the city, such as craftsmen.
The riot was the result of the people, who did not know that the national power had reached its limit, felt that the excessive expectations of the victory report had been betrayed and exploded their dissatisfaction with the many sacrifices they had made. was.
Political stability in the Katsuraen era
From the Anglo-Japanese Alliance to the Russo-Japanese War, it was the Katsura Cabinet that was in charge of Japan's government. was. During that time, the Rikken Seiyukai remained in the opposition. Has grown in power with the support of influential people in the region by advocating the expansion of railroads and bays.
1905 After the Katsura Cabinet resigned at the end, Rikken Seiyukai Governor Saionji Kinmochi Organize a cabinet to unify the national railway network Railway Nationalization Act Was established. However, 1907-1913 Between Katsura and Saizonoji Since both of them took power alternately, this period was Katsuraen era . Is called.
It is said that he was politically stable during this period, and although Hirobumi Ito, a member of the clan, had retired from the front line, he was still influential as an elder.
This Katsuraen era Then, supported by the arms race, industrial revolution in heavy industry such as steelmaking and shipbuilding Is achieved, the chaebol begins to put in place the Concern form that dominates companies in various fields. However, because there was no compensation for the Russo-Japanese War, it fell into a chronic recession due to huge pressure on domestic and foreign bonds and excess imports.
Due to this recession, public dissatisfaction will increase, and the foundation of the Taisho Political Crisis will be formed in conjunction with labor and social movements.