As modern people, we sometimes eat shellfish like Jomon people while eating various things.
Therefore, I would like to be careful about food poisoning of shellfish due to raw food. I often hear that they ate oysters and hit them. Occasionally, food poisoning occurs even with shellfish, but did the Jomon people who would have eaten more than modern people become like norovirus? ??
I wasn't the only one to think that I might have eaten shellfish frequently because there were so many shellfish piled up in the remains of the Jomon period.
Let's know about food poisoning of shellfish! !!
Food poisoning of shellfish is the main cause of [ shellfish poisoning ] Is a bivalve such as lajonkairia lajon and oysters. Eat plankton with poison and accumulate poison in the body. For this reason, shellfish themselves do not produce poison, and food poisoning of shellfish is less than 10% of the total, and the number of cases is not large.
Even with the same shellfish poison, diarrhea poison, paralytic poison, neurotoxin Although there are no reports of neurotoxins in Japan, it is difficult for them to be decomposed even if they are heat-treated, so poisoning may occur even if they are heated.
Paralytic poisoning causes symptoms similar to puffer fish poisoning, and in the worst case, it causes respiratory paralysis and may lead to death. 1973 There are records that a group of people who landed in British Columbia, Canada, were killed by shellfish poisoning. However, it seems that the indigenous people here have long been prohibited from eating shellfish in the summer when the number of plankton issued increases.
During the Jomon period, there was little risk of shellfish poisoning accumulating toxins because there was no plankton abnormality caused by the phosphorus component of the detergent. Food poisoning of shellfish poisoning was extremely low It is thought that it may be.
About the cause of norovirus
I assumed that food poisoning due to shellfish poisoning was low, but infectious gastroenteritis How is it? ??
Norovirus is a typical example, but norovirus, which is especially prevalent in winter, is transmitted orally through contact or food, propagates in the intestinal tract of the body, and causes vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, etc. increase.
In order to survive for a long time in a low temperature environment, it is often seen in winter, and when it enters the body, it explodes in the small intestine and causes symptoms. Norovirus is also excreted in vomit and stool, and is transmitted from person to person.
However, norovirus is not made directly from shellfish.
Human excrement begins to exist and accumulates in shellfish. The excrement discharged by humans is treated at a sewage treatment plant and then discharged into rivers and the sea.
At that time, substances such as viruses are purified, but a small amount of norovirus cannot be processed and remains. The bivalve accumulates the remaining trace amount of norovirus.
In the first place, norovirus is killed by heating. The cause is that you can't eat raw, but the target shellfish in Japan are [oysters] and [scallops] . is. However, scallops usually eat the white adductor muscles, so food poisoning due to norovirus does not occur.
Food poisoning situation in the Jomon period
Considering the cause of the above norovirus, I feel that it will be solved by considering the excretion process of Jomon people.
Comparing the Jomon period and the present age, it seems that the population is small and we have not overeated, so I think that the amount of excrement flowing into the sea is also small. Therefore, I think that the health damage caused by norovirus was extremely small.
However, there may have been more normal food poisoning due to the lack of hygiene and the underdeveloped freezing and preservation techniques compared to modern times.
Eating habits of the Jomon period
As far as the [shellfish mound] is concerned, the Jomon people eat a lot of shellfish near the staple food . It feels like, but when I look it up, it seems different. That said, in the excavation of the ruins, shells, earthenware, animal bones from the shell mound. Etc. are often found.
The types of shellfish are Shijimi, Blood clam, Akanishi, Shiofuki, Clam, Oyster Many types are confirmed. However, when you think about it, shells tend to remain in posterity . , Wild plants and nuts are hard to leave traces At present, it is thought that only shells will be excavated.
In the paper that wrote about the eating habits of the Jomon period, [ Jomon people have many overeating parts and high calories in nuts such as acorns and chestnuts and rootstocks such as yam. On the other hand, shellfish have few edible parts, low calories, and are inefficient for nutrition. ] Is written.
Meat and fish are said to be between shellfish and acorns, and the Jomon people eat nuts and rhizomes . It is believed that they ate meat, fish and shellfish as a side dish. It seems that nuts such as acorns could not be eaten as they were, so they cooked them well and ate them.
The Jomon people were also gourmet! ??
The eating habits of the Jomon period were based on harvesting.
We hunted wild plants in spring and summer, nuts in autumn, seasonal seafood, and sometimes animals and ate meat. Considering this, it may be that we had a similar diet to ours, although the times were different.
Surprisingly, it is not as modern as it is today, but it also has the technology to store food, and the nuts are stored in the storage, and the meat and fish are dried and steamed for a long time. Looking at the excavated Jomon teeth, they found that they had better enamel development than those in the Edo period and had a nutritionally balanced diet . I understand that.
Also, it seems that the caries rate was higher than that of the ethnic groups of other continents, and it seems that they also took some carbohydrates. During the Yayoi period, when rice cultivation became popular, the rate of tooth decay was even higher.
Gourmet recipes from the Jomon period
Among the artifacts excavated in the Jomon period, there was a [hamburger steak] that was made by mixing meat with nuts, adding wild bird eggs, and baking. Furthermore, fruit liquor It is said that he was also drinking.
The superfood of this era was acorns, and the Jomon people cooked various dishes with these acorns. Powder and bake [ cookies ] If boiled in earthenware [ risotto style ] I was cooking like that.
Preserved food from the Jomon period [Jomon cookie]
If you like history, you should try Jomon cookie once. Instead of flour, acorns are ground and quail eggs are connected, and honey is added to restore the baked product. I have.
The photo on the right is a Jomon cookie that was actually excavated from the Jomon archaeological site in Niigata Prefecture.
Ancient cheese [ Su ] Has been challenged, so please read it if you are interested.
Until now, cookies are a snack, but during the Jomon period, it is said that they played a major role in carrying food for hunting and traveling. If you give the product name, is it the Jomon version of Calorie Mate?
Perhaps because of that, it seems to be quite hungry with high-calorie ingredients packed tightly.
Jomon pottery game, wild boar pot
Add mushrooms, yams, edible wild plants, etc. to the meat of wild boar cut with obsidian.
Burdock was excavated from the Jomon archaeological site in Fukui prefecture, Aomori, and Hokkaido, so it may have been in the pot. The contents of the pot will change, such as wild plants in spring and mushrooms in autumn.
Cooking of Ibokisago soup with the restored Jomon pottery (partially processed from Sankei News)
Jomon period =hunting =carnivorous The image is strong, but in fact, meat is a rare thing that Jomon people can only get in winter, and it seems that the Jomon people in Honshu recognized it as a preserved food.
However, it seems that this was not the case in Hokkaido and the Tohoku region where there is a lot of snow.
Therefore, when the rice culture came from the continent, the Jomon people in Hokkaido did not accept rice cultivation, but the people of Honshu accepted it smoothly. It is believed that the people of Honshu had a diet that mainly consisted of vegetable foods. On the other hand, it is said that Hokkaido had a diet mainly for hunting.
I remember when I made the ancient cheese [Su], it was delicious.
Looking at the Jomon cookie, it seems that recipes for things that can still be eaten using chestnuts and walnuts are introduced, so if I have time, I will try to make it as the second historical food.