1. Winter (December to February):
- The winter season is characterized by generally pleasant and mild weather, with temperatures ranging from 10 to 25°C (50 to 77°F) in most regions.
- Northern parts of India experience cooler temperatures, with some areas even facing frost and snowfall, particularly in the Himalayan regions.
- Rainfall is minimal during this time, creating a dry spell across much of the subcontinent.
2. Summer (March to May):
- Summer brings rising temperatures, with averages ranging from 25 to 45°C (77 to 113°F) in many regions.
- Hot and dry winds known as "loo" prevail in Northern India, further elevating temperatures and causing discomfort.
- This season is relatively rain-free, except for isolated thunderstorms and occasional heat bursts.
3. Monsoon (June to September):
- The arrival of the southwest monsoon marks the start of the monsoon season, bringing with it heavy rainfall.
- Monsoon winds typically enter the subcontinent through the state of Kerala in Southern India and gradually spread across the entire region.
- The monsoon brings copious amounts of rainfall, creating lush greenery and providing water for agriculture. However, excessive rains sometimes result in flooding and disruptions.
- The monsoon tends to retreat from the subcontinent by September or October, leading to the transition into post-monsoon or autumn.
In between these primary seasons, the subcontinent experiences short transitional periods known as "spring" and "autumn" (or post-monsoon), which generally exhibit more moderate weather conditions.