1. The Kingdom of Rome (753 BC - 509 BC)
- Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC.
- Rome was ruled by a series of seven kings.
- The last king of Rome, Tarquin the Proud, was overthrown.
2. The Roman Republic (509 BC - 27 BC)
- After the overthrow of Tarquin the Proud, Rome became a republic.
- The Roman Republic was ruled by a Senate and two consuls.
- The Roman Republic expanded its territory to include much of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East.
- The Roman Republic was plagued by internal political strife.
3. The Roman Empire (27 BC - 395 AD)
- In 27 BC, Julius Caesar became the first emperor of Rome.
- The Roman Empire was one of the largest and most powerful empires in history.
- The Roman Empire was divided into two parts: the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire.
- The Western Roman Empire collapsed in 476 AD.
- The Eastern Roman Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire, lasted until 1453 AD.
4. The Middle Ages (5th century - 15th century)
- The Middle Ages is the period of European history that began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and ended with the beginning of the Renaissance.
- During the Middle Ages, Europe was divided into a number of small kingdoms and duchies.
- The rise of the Catholic Church.
- The Crusades.
- The Black Death.
5. The Renaissance (14th century - 17th century)
- The Renaissance is the period of European history that began in the 14th century and continued to the 17th century.
- The Renaissance was a time of great cultural and intellectual change.
- The spread of humanism.
- The development of printing.
- The Protestant Reformation.