Overextension: By 1941, Germany had conquered vast territories across Europe, tying down troops for occupation duties. This overextended their forces and made it challenging to concentrate their efforts on any single front.
Logistics and Resources: Germany's war machine faced significant logistical issues. Supplies, fuel, and manpower were stretched thin due to the extensive territory they occupied. Additionally, the Allied forces gained control over vital resources, cutting off Germany's access to critical supplies.
Allies' Growing Strength: The Allies (including the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and others) formed alliances and began receiving massive amounts of aid and supplies under programs such as the Lend-Lease Act. This bolstered their military and economic strength, enabling them to take the initiative in the war effort.
Strategic Blunders: Germany made several strategic mistakes during the war. The invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 (Operation Barbarossa) without securing victory over Britain was a crucial turning point. The harsh Russian winter, supply chain issues, and fierce Soviet resistance led to heavy losses for the German army.
Loss of Air and Sea Superiority: The Allied forces established air superiority over Germany, especially with the introduction of strategic bombers such as the B-17 Flying Fortress and the Lancaster. This led to extensive damage to German cities, industries, and infrastructure. At sea, the Allied navies blockaded German ports, cutting off trade routes and disrupting the supply of vital resources.
Allied Military Victories: The combined Allied forces started turning the tide of the war through successful military campaigns. Key battles such as El Alamein, Stalingrad, and D-Day (the Allied invasion of Normandy in 1944) were significant setbacks for Germany and marked the beginning of the end for their war efforts.
Industrial Might and Technology: The Allies had a substantial advantage in industrial capacity and technology. Their production lines far surpassed those of Germany, enabling them to replace losses and outpace German production.
Low morale and Overstretched Military: As the war dragged on, German soldiers faced demoralizing losses and a declining sense of purpose. Overstretching their military also led to vulnerabilities, as they struggled to maintain their lines and defend against advancing Allied forces.
Ultimately, a combination of these factors led Germany to lose the war and resulted in the defeat of the Nazi regime.