- Sicily: Rome conquered most of Sicily from Carthage, gaining control over the island's strategic location in the Mediterranean Sea.
Second Punic War (218-201 BC):
- Spain: Rome expelled the Carthaginians from Spain, securing control over the Iberian Peninsula and its rich resources.
- North Africa: Rome invaded and defeated Carthage in North Africa, forcing Carthage to cede further territory and pay a heavy war indemnity.
Third Punic War (149-146 BC):
- Carthage: Rome completely destroyed Carthage, razed the city to the ground, and sold its inhabitants into slavery. Rome annexed the Carthaginian territories in North Africa, establishing the province of Africa.