1. Tea: Tea was one of the most important commodities that British and Dutch merchants sought in China. Tea drinking had become increasingly popular in Europe, and China was the main source of high-quality tea.
2. Silk: Silk was another valuable commodity that British and Dutch merchants sought in China. Chinese silk was renowned for its beauty and durability, and it was used to make a variety of luxury goods.
3. Porcelain: Chinese porcelain was also highly prized by British and Dutch merchants. Chinese porcelain was known for its delicate and intricate designs, and it was used to make a variety of decorative items, such as vases, plates, and cups.
4. Spices: Spices such as cinnamon, cloves, and nutmeg were also important commodities that British and Dutch merchants sought in China. Spices were used to flavor food, preserve meat, and make medicines.
5. Precious Metals: China was also a source of precious metals such as gold and silver. British and Dutch merchants would often exchange these metals for Chinese goods.
6. Cultural Exchange: In addition to trading goods, British and Dutch merchants also sought to learn more about Chinese culture and society. They were fascinated by Chinese art, literature, and philosophy, and they often brought back Chinese goods and ideas to Europe.