- The Genocide Convention: adopted by the United Nations in 1948, the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide set out a legal framework for recognizing and prosecuting acts of genocide. It defines genocide as acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial, or religious group.
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights sets out a broad range of fundamental human rights and freedoms that all people are entitled to. It has influenced the development of international human rights law and serves as a basis for many international human rights treaties.
- The creation of the United Nations: the United Nations was established in 1945 with the primary goal of preventing future wars and promoting peace and security. It has various bodies and mechanisms in place to address human rights issues, including the Human Rights Council and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.
- The establishment of international criminal courts: the International Criminal Court (ICC) was established in 2002 as a permanent international court to prosecute individuals for serious crimes, including genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. The ICC has jurisdiction over crimes committed in countries that have ratified the Rome Statute, the treaty that established the court.
- Holocaust remembrance and education: efforts have been made to remember and commemorate the Holocaust and to ensure that future generations learn about its horrors. This includes the creation of museums and memorials dedicated to the victims of the Holocaust, as well as educational programs to raise awareness about the events and their significance.