Political:
* The Spanish Empire was a highly centralized state, with all power concentrated in the hands of the king.
* The king was advised by a council of nobles, but he had the final say on all matters.
* The empire was divided into provinces, each of which was governed by a viceroy appointed by the king.
* The viceroys had broad powers, but they were ultimately responsible to the king.
Social:
* The Spanish Empire was a stratified society, with a rigid hierarchy based on race and social class.
* At the top of the social hierarchy were the Spanish colonists, who held all the power and wealth.
* Below the Spanish colonists were the mestizos, who were of mixed Spanish and indigenous ancestry.
* At the bottom of the social hierarchy were the indigenous peoples, who were treated as second-class citizens.
Economic:
* The Spanish Empire was based on a mercantilist economy, which meant that the government controlled all aspects of the economy.
* The government regulated trade, set prices, and imposed taxes.
* The main economic activities of the Spanish Empire were mining, agriculture, and trade.
Ottoman Empire
Political:
* The Ottoman Empire was a decentralized state, with power shared between the sultan and the provincial governors.
* The sultan was the head of state, but he was often influenced by the powerful janissaries, who were the elite military troops of the empire.
* The provincial governors had a great deal of autonomy, and they were often able to defy the sultan's orders.
Social:
* The Ottoman Empire was a diverse society, with a wide variety of ethnic and religious groups.
* The majority of the population was Muslim, but there were also large Christian and Jewish minorities.
* The empire was tolerant of religious diversity, and people of different faiths were able to live together peacefully.
Economic:
* The Ottoman Empire was a wealthy and prosperous empire, with a strong economy based on trade, agriculture, and manufacturing.
* The empire was a major center of trade, and its merchants traded with Europe, Asia, and Africa.
* The empire also had a thriving agricultural sector, and it produced a variety of crops, including wheat, barley, and rice.
Comparison:
The Spanish and Ottoman Empires were both large and powerful empires that played a major role in world history. However, there were also some key differences between the two empires.
* The Spanish Empire was a more centralized state, while the Ottoman Empire was a more decentralized state.
* The Spanish Empire was more stratified, while the Ottoman Empire was more diverse.
* The Spanish Empire was based on a mercantilist economy, while the Ottoman Empire was based on a more free-market economy.
Despite these differences, both the Spanish and Ottoman Empires were able to achieve great success and prosperity. They were both able to build large and powerful empires that lasted for centuries.