1. Enclosure of common lands: In England, the enclosure of common lands allowed for more efficient use of land and increased agricultural productivity. Enclosure acts enabled landowners to consolidate small, scattered strips of land into larger, more manageable plots, which facilitated the adoption of new farming techniques such as crop rotation and selective breeding.
2. Access to capital and investment: England had a well-developed financial system, which provided access to capital for investment in new agricultural technologies. The availability of capital allowed farmers to purchase improved machinery and implement new farming methods.
3. Favorable political and legal environment: The English government was supportive of agricultural improvements and enacted policies that encouraged innovation. The government provided subsidies and tax breaks for landowners who invested in new farming technologies. Additionally, the legal framework in England protected property rights and allowed farmers to secure their investments.
4. Growing urban population: The growth of cities in England created a demand for agricultural products. The increasing urban population provided a ready market for the surplus food produced by more efficient farming practices.
5. Scientific advancements: England was at the forefront of scientific advancements during the 18th century. Agricultural scientists such as Robert Bakewell, Thomas Coke, and Charles "Turnip" Townshend developed new methods of crop rotation, livestock breeding, and soil improvement. These advancements were widely adopted by English farmers and contributed to increased productivity.
6. Transportation improvements: The development of better roads and canals in England facilitated the transportation of agricultural goods from rural areas to urban markets. Improved transportation allowed farmers to access a wider market and sell their products more efficiently.
These factors combined to make the Agricultural Revolution more successful in England compared to the rest of Europe. England became a leading agricultural producer, and its agricultural surpluses contributed to its economic growth and political power.