Syracuse (214-212 BC): During the Second Punic War, the city of Syracuse used water against invading Roman armies by releasing large quantities from a reservoir behind their walls, flooding parts of the city.
Carthage (203 BC): While attacking Carthage during the Third Punic War, Scipio Africanus used water to his advantage by damming a river and temporarily diverting it to flood low-lying areas surrounding the fortified city.
Numidia (105-104 BC): Jugurtha, ruler of Numidia, flooded rivers to create marshes, slowing the advance of Roman troops and making combat difficult.
Hellenistic Siege Techniques: In general, enemies of Rome would often divert or block rivers to cut off a city's water supply. This tactic could cause chaos and disease within the besieged city, adding further stress to the population and making it harder to resist invaders.