The Battle of Guadalete (river), near present-day Jerez, took place in the year 711 and confronted the army of the Visigoth king Don Rodrigo and the Muslims (mostly Berbers) of North Africa led by Tarik, lieutenant of the governor Muza. In the year 710 the Visigothic king Witiza died, a confrontati
1. The origins of the Carlist conflict:the reign of Ferdinand VII. Upon his return to Spain in May 1814, after his forced exile in France, King Ferdinand VII aroused great conflicting expectations. Everyone thought – nobility, Church, people – that his problems would be solved. However, the Spanish
Ruins of the original Sudeley Castle building (photo:authors archives) When, after crossing the beautiful village of Winchombe and walking five hundred meters along a beautiful path in the English countryside, you arrive at Sudeley Castle, you cannot imagine the unfortunate fate that the successive
AROUND 200 AP. AD:The Roman Empire begins to weaken: The Roman armies decide to choose their own emperors and fighting breaks out between different groups of soldiers. This marks the beginning of the fall of Rome. The Roman Empire is attacked by the Germans: The Germans are tribes from the northea