The third part of the chronology of civilization includes the period from 300 BC, from the Punic Wars to 500 AD era, ending with the fall of the Western Roman Empire, which marked the end of Antiquity and the beginning of the Middle Ages. Many interesting events happened at this time, so let's remember them.
AD 264-241 BC e. First Punic War between Carthage and Rome
250 BC e. The emergence of the Parthian kingdom - the beginning of the reign of the founder of the dynasty and the first Parthian king Arshak I
221-207 BC e. The years of the reign of Qin Shihuang-di (Ying Zheng), the founder of the Qin Empire, which united China
218-202 BC e. Second Punic War between Carthage and the Roman Republic
216 BC e. The defeat of the Roman army at Cannae from the Carthaginian army under the leadership of Hannibal Barca
212 BC e. The capture of the city of Syracuse (Sicily) by the Roman consul Claudius Marcellus
207 BC e. - 220 AD e. Han Empire in China
197 BC e. The defeat of the Macedonian king Philip in the battle of Cynoscephalus from the Roman consul Titus Quinctius Flamininus. The end of Macedonian dominance in Greece
168-167 BC e. The conquest of Greece by Rome, the division of Macedonia into four districts
AD 149-146 BC e. Third Punic War. The final defeat of Carthage
141 BC e. The Parthians, led by Mithridates I, took Seleucia, the capital of the Seleucids on the Tigris River
104 BC e. Military reforms of Gaius Marius in the Roman Republic
82-79 BC e. Sulla's dictatorship in Rome
73-71 BC e. Slave uprising led by Spartacus
64 BC e. The fall of the Seleucid state
63 BC e. Conspiracy against the Senate of the Roman Patrician Catalina
60 BC e. Creation of the first triumvirate:Gnaeus Pompey the Great, Mark Licinius Crassus, Gaius Julius Caesar
58-51 BC e. Roman consul Gaius Julius Caesar conquers Gaul (Gallic Wars)
55-54 BC e. Roman conquest of Britain (British campaigns of Caesar)
49-47 BC e. Civil War in Rome. Fight between Pompey and Caesar. Establishment of the dictatorship of Gaius Julius Caesar
48 BC e. Battle of Pharsalus between the armies of Pompey and Caesar
44 BC e. The assassination of Gaius Julius Caesar by conspirators led by Brutus and Cassius
43 BC e. Creation of the second triumvirate:Octavian, Mark Antony, Aemilius Lepidus
42 BC e. The defeat of the army of conspirators led by Gaius Cassius Longinus and Mark Junius Brutus
31 BC e. Egyptian campaign of Octavian Augustus. The death of Antony and the Egyptian ruler Cleopatra
31 BC e. - 14 AD e. Reign of Octavian Augustus. Introduction of the principate system. Octavian's political and military reforms. The beginning of the history of the Roman Empire
17-24 The suppression of anti-Roman uprisings in the province of Africa (led by the Numidian Takfarinat), in Gaul and Thrace
17-27 Revolt of Chinese peasants against Emperor Wang Mang (rebellion of the "red-browed"). The coming to power of Emperor Liu Xiu, the creation of the Eastern Han Dynasty with its capital in Luoyang
37-41 The period of the reign of Emperor Caligula
54-68 The reign of the fifth emperor of Rome (the last of the Julio-Claudian dynasty) Nero
64 A six-day fire in Rome that destroyed most of the city
69-79 The reign of Emperor Vespasian. Start of construction of the Colosseum in Rome
66-73 The Jewish War is an anti-Roman uprising in Judea. The destruction of Jerusalem by Rome and the capture of the fortress of Masad
79 The eruption of Vesuvius, the death of Pompeii, Herculaneum, Stabia
96-161 The reign of the Antonian dynasty is the "golden age" in the history of the Roman Empire
101-106 Dacian wars - the conquest of Dacia by the Roman emperor Trojan
114-116g. The conquest of Armenia, part of the Parthian kingdom, Mesopotamia by Rome
AD 117-138 Reign of Emperor Hadrian. Ending the policy of conquest
AD 132-135 Revolt led by Simon "Bar Kochba" in Judea
AD 161-166 New Parthian War
167-180 The war of Rome with the Germanic tribe of the Marcomanni
180-192 The reign of the Roman emperor Commodus. The beginning of the crisis in the Roman Empire
184-205 The uprising of the "yellow bands" in China, which led to the destabilization of the situation in the country and was one of the reasons for the fall of the Han dynasty
193-197 Civil War in Rome. Establishment of the power of Septimius Severus. His military and administrative reforms
212 Edict of Caracalla conferring Roman citizenship on all the inhabitants of the provinces
AD 220-280 The era of the Three Kingdoms - the struggle and confrontation between the three different states of China - Wei, Wu and Shu
224 The ruler of Persia, Ardashir, defeated Artaban V on the Ormizdagan plain, after which the Parthian kingdom ceased to exist
AD 224-651 The existence of the Sassanid Empire founded by Ardashir I Papakan
AD 231-232 The war of Rome with the New Persian kingdom
250-900 Classical period of development of the Maya civilization
AD 284-476 The era of the late Roman Empire
284-305 The reign of Emperor Diocletian. Carrying out military and economic reforms. Fighting the Christian Church
AD 286-290 The establishment of a tetrarchy in the Roman Empire - the reign of four emperors (Diocletian, Maximian, Gaius Galerius, Flavius Constantius Chlorus)
303 Diocletian's first edict against Christians
AD 306-337 The reign of Emperor Constantine, who continued the reforms begun under Diocletian
313 Edict of Milan of Constantine and Licinius on the recognition of the Christian religion on an equal footing with other religious systems
325 I Ecumenical Council of Christians in Nicaea
330 Transfer of the capital of the Byzantine Empire to Byzantium (Constantinople) by Emperor Constantine the Great
391 Christianity becomes the state religion in the Roman Empire
395 Division of the Roman Empire into Western and Eastern. The capital of the East is Constantinople, the West is Ravenna
AD 401-412 Visigothic invasion of Italy and Gaul, withdrawal of the Roman army from Britain
410 The capture and sack of Rome by the Visigoths led by Alaric
418 The emergence of the first barbarian kingdom on the territory of the Western Roman Empire - Aquitaine transferred to the Visigoths
AD 429-439 The conquest of Roman Africa by the Vandals, the capture of Carthage
431 II Ecumenical Council of Christians in Ephesus. Condemnation of Nestorianism
451g The battle on the Catalaunian fields between the alliance of the Romans and the coalition of barbarian tribes, which ended in the defeat of the latter
453 The death of the Hun leader Attila and the collapse of the Hun state
455 Capture and sack of Rome by the Vandals
AD 457-461 The reign of Emperor Julius Majorian. The last attempt to strengthen the Western Roman Empire
476 The deposition of the last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, Romulus Augustulus, by the German leader, commander of the imperial guard. In Italy, the kingdom of Odoacer is formed. Fall of the Western Roman Empire, beginning of the Middle Ages