Louis IX Is Capetian The 9th King.
The 8th King of the Capetian Dynasty Louis VIII And the daughter of King Castile Blanche Was born during. Philip II Is the grandson of.
From Louis IX (wikipedia)
King Castile at that time was a part of the national restoration movement (Reconquista), the person who commanded the war against Islam and led the victory (Reconquista continues after that). By the way, Blanche Mother is Princess of England and his grandmother is Eleanor of Aquitaine is.
Louis IX because he lost his father early He was crowned at the age of twelve. Therefore, at the beginning of his coronation, his mother's Blanche Is attached as a regent.
This time Louis IX After the coronation, I will summarize the reign including the regent era by his mother.
Regent era by mother
Mother Blanche She is a woman who has had a great influence on politics, perhaps because of her grandmother's blood.
Her husband Louis VIII Invaded England during the time of the Crown Prince First Barons' War (← The era of King John of England. See "Plantagenet Dynasty") There is a story that he commanded and attacked two battleships.
No queen would be so reassuring when she was holding a young child. In fact, even during her regent, the princes who wanted to exert influence on the young king rebelled and ruled while successfully continuing the policies that had been in place for her two generations.
Albigensian Crusade Problem Solved as she regents And Louis IX It ends with the marriage of his younger brother Alphonse and the daughter of Count of Toulouse.
What is the Albigensian Crusade?
Grandfather Philip II Pope Innocent III at that time It is a crusade that was set up to conquer the powerful tribes of the Toulouse Albi region who believe in the sect (Albigensian) that was said to be a heresy of Christianity that began with the proposal of.
Philip II Was not enthusiastic at the beginning, but he started participating when the situation was calm to some extent and continued even in his father's generation.
The French royal family had a desire to expand the kingship to southern France, and it seems that they began to expedition in line with the church's desire to "drive out the heretics."
Louis IX , who is said to be a gentle personality while her mother was a very strong woman like that. Some people whisper that the baby boy is a mother's boy.
Louis IX begins pro-government
Eventually Louis IX Will grow to Margaret of Provence in 1234. Married and started her pro-government in 1936. At the beginning of the marriage, it seems that they were very close to each other.
He promotes scholarship, art and philanthropy, including the founding of the Sorbonne Theological Seminary, which later became the University of Paris.
An anecdote known as a charity built poorhouses all over France, and the king himself knelt and washed the feet of a patient feared to be an incurable disease. .. .. something like.
Medical technology at that time was still developing. The crowned king is believed to have a special power under the blessing of God, and he was washing his feet as part of that. It is portrayed by posterity artists as "St. Louis Heals the Sick."
In addition, Knights Templar And reform of the court system , Setting the standard for royal gold coins Centralization To stabilize the domestic affairs and boost the position of France at once.
Poitiers Rebellion and Border Setting with England
Louis IX At the same time as focusing on domestic affairs, he plays the role of mediator so as not to cause diplomatic conflict. One of the mediations is John It was a (tentative) settlement in the subsequent territorial conflict with England.
The Poitiers rebellion that took place in France was the key to the territorial dispute. is.
Why is Ingrad involved in a civil war? However, as with many civil wars and insults so far, Poitiers' rebellion John was the King of England at that time Son of Henry III Was firmly entwined.
So, despite the civil war, it looks like England. Let's take a closer look.
What is the relationship between Count Poitiers and England?
Poitiers Count La Marche, based in the nearby Lusignan Castle, is a former King of England John Widow Isabella Was remarried.
However, Isabella When she came to France, she was treated only as the wife of her vassal and was furious. He instigated her husband and her son to revolt.
One Henry III Also rides on his mother's wishes to recover the territory lost from his father's mismanagement. Thus King of England Henry III With the count of La Marche rebelled, Louis IX Will suppress this one after another.
Basically, for the princes, even if they get a territory on the continent, it is difficult to rule a distant place and it is difficult to attack a place that is more prosperous than England, so it is hard to get motivated. Louis IX The princes of England who saw them being crushed by the princes returned home immediately.
Count La Marche, who lost allies one after another, surrendered. Henry III Between
With the 1259 Paris Treaty, each territory was established.
Two Crusaders expedition
Louis IX During his reign, he was the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II on his second Fifth Crusade expedition. Jerusalem by negotiation After regaining (1228-1229), the Islamic dynasty Ayyubid again It was the situation that I was robbed by (1244).
However, in the Holy Roman Empire, Frederick II Excommunication in conflict with the Roman Church, Second Barons' War in England I can't afford to go on an expedition to the Crusaders because I'm busy responding.
* Second Barons' War Is a Poitiers Rebellion The English princes who fled quickly became unreliable Henry III This is due to the fact that the government has given preferential treatment to foreigners and that dissatisfaction has increased due to financial difficulties caused by the expedition.
Moreover, the failure of the Crusades so far has not brought public opinion. Even under such circumstances, it was Louis IX who stood up for the Christian church. is.
Crusaders expedition by Louis IX
Sixth Crusade The expedition began with his mother, Blanche, and the opposition of the surroundings.
At this time, Louis IX Is Jerusalem Islamic dynasty that robbed Ayyubid dynasty Home of Egypt However, he was defeated and became a prisoner of war.
Ayyubid dynasty just during the ransom negotiations There was a coup d'etat, so it was a chance to take advantage of the Ayyubid dynasty right after the liberation, but at a similar time his mother's Blanche Was forced to return to Japan because of her death.
The great defeat of one of the leading monarchs in Western Europe and the captivity of Christendom greatly shook Christendom, greatly reducing the strength of the Crusader States that still existed around this time.
Sixth Crusade Since then, Louis IX Every day he worked hard on domestic affairs in France and diplomacy outside Europe, but as he diminished with age, he said, "At least before he died ...!" Jerusalem recapture Seventh Crusade I came to want.
What is the cause of Louis IX's death? ??
Ayyubid dynasty in a coup d'etat that happened before in Egypt Collapsed and a new Mamluk Is booming, Mamluk dynasty Since the rise of Syria, most of the cities of the Christian state have been dropped.
This Mamluk Tunisia that he has a deep relationship with southern Italy and is thinking about converting to Christianity in order to drop Louis IX trying to support and base and then attack Seems to have been thinking.
Then 1270. Finally Seventh Crusade Will start.
The King of Sicily at this time was Louis IX . Brother, Charles-Danjou .. An ambitious man, he had the intention of invading Tunisia in his horizons as well as his own expansion of territory.
If there is such a speculation, it is decided that the other side will naturally notice it. When I went there, I was more resisted by the local forces than I expected. The battle will be longer than I expected, and I will spend my time far from a clean environment.
Drinking water is poor and the heat is terrible. .. .. That is why the disease is widespread.
Louis IX who is already over 50 and weakened It was a very difficult environment for him, and he died when he got sick. The cause of his death is said to have been typhus or dysentery.
However, in recent years, it seems that the theory that it was scurvy due to an unbalanced diet without eating the local diet has been advocated.
French Crusader King Louis IX died of SCURVY, expert claims (Daily Mail Online)
In this way, Louis IX boosted France's international status by enhancing France's internal affairs and tackling diplomatic issues. Failed twice in the Crusades and ended his life.