Question 01 - MACKENZIE 2013 - When João Batista Figueiredo (1979-1985) began his government, Brazil was experiencing a moment of serious criticism from the various social sectors of the authoritarianism present during the military regime. During the Figueiredo government, at the economic level, the main problems that were not resolved were:a) The high unemployment rate, a consequence of the reduction in economic growth, and the fight against the monetary policy of loans with foreign banks. b) The indexation of prices and wages and the blocking of investments linked to the international financial market.c) Reduction of investments in the technological area and subsidies to the rural area, aggravating and intensifying the occupation of land by rural workers.d) The transformation of new cruzados in cruzeiros and the freezing of prices of wages of the workers of the industries.e) The question of the external debt, in which the government was not able to pay the loans already obtained, the enormous rise of the inflation and the increase in the level of the unemployment.
Question 02 - UFRS 2001 - The government of General João Baptista Figueiredo (1979-1985), the last president appointed by the military regime, was marked by events of wide repercussion in Brazilian public opinion. Among them, the following can be included:a) Institutional Act n° 5 - April Package - Cruzado Plan b) Extinction of bipartisanship - Amnesty Law - Death of Vladimir Herzog c) Amnesty Law - Riocentro Attack - Direct Campaign d) Responsible Pragmatism - Closing of Congress - Diretas Já Campaign e) Installation of Parliamentarism - Riocentro Attack - Plano Cruzado
Question 03 - UVA 2011.1 - CE - The military regime (1964 - 1985) was a long dictatorship that cut off dialogue with society, interrupted the nationalist debate that sought a solution to our backwardness and began to dictate rules for the country. To avoid the protests of society, he revoked the citizen's right to vote and silenced the opposition through censorship or the violence of police repression bodies. Five president generals succeeded each other in power:Castelo Branco, Costa e Silva, Médici, Geisel and Figueiredo." The last president general was João Baptista Figueiredo (1979 - 1985) Among the alternatives below, only one does not refer to the administration of the President John Baptist Figueiredo. Tick ​​it a) End of bipartisanship restricted to Arena and MDB. b) Direct elections for governor of state throughout the country. c) Beginning of the process of political opening, in a style that the general defined as "slow, gradual and sure." d) Amnesty for those punished for political crimes after 1964.
Question 04 - FATEC 2000 - The Amnesty Law, formalized on August 28, 1979, during the government of General João Baptista Figueiredo (1979 - 1985), meant: a) the release of practically all political prisoners and the return to country of at least 5,000 exiles, including leftist leaders such as Leonel Brizola, Miguel Arraes and Luís Carlos Prestes. b) the release of some political prisoners who had committed acts against the democratic government of João Goulart. c) the release of practically all political prisoners, including those convicted for the practice of crimes of terrorism, assault, kidnapping and personal attack. d) the release of some political prisoners, such as Leonel Brizola, Miguel Arraes and Luís Carlos Prestes, and the conviction of the military who engaged in acts of torture of political prisoners. e) the release of all persons detained for political crimes from the beginning of the Figueiredo government (1979), and the reduction of sentences for those arrested between 1964 and 1979.
Question 05 - CEFET-MG - 2006-1 - External Concomitance Technician - The remarkable events of General Figueiredo's government (1979-1985) were: a) April Package, implementation of a new currency, Lei do Abate . b) Institutional Act nº 5, closing of Congress, Falcão Law. c) Cruzado Plan, installation of parliamentarism, bipartisanship. d) Amnesty law, Rio Centro attack, campaign for “Diretas Already.”
Question 06 - CIEE - 2014 - AGU - It is one of the movements with the greatest popular participation in the history of Brazil. It began in 1983, during the government of João Batista Figueiredo and proposed direct elections for the position of President of the Republic. Choose the alternative that presents this movement. a) Walk of the Hundred Thousand. b) MST. c) Free Pass. d) Direct Now.
Question 07 - VUNESP - 2018 - PM-SP - “The Electoral College, now regularly constituted, holds undeniable political power to fulfill its mandate. The campaign to suppress it constitutes an audacious political attempt to circumvent power legitimately acquired under the current Constitution. Defending the Electoral College against this untimely onslaught is a duty that is mine, that of the government, that is of all parliamentarians who support it. It is necessary to contain the offensive unleashed against the rules of the game accepted for the election of my successor”. President João Figueiredo, in a speech to the nation, on April 16, 1984. (Rodrigues, A. T The cry stuck in the throat.São Paulo:Fundação Perseu Abramo Publisher, 2003. Adapted)
In his speech, Figueiredo criticizes ( A) the Diretas Já movement. (B) the foundation of parties such as PT and PDT. (C) the presidential candidacy of Tancredo Neves. (D) the amnesty struggle committees. (E) the organization of the fight against famine.
Question 08 - UNIFOR - 2000.2 - The attack on Riocentro on April 30, 1981, in which a car bomb exploded, killed a sergeant and seriously injured an army captain, resulted from the reaction (A) of student entities, prohibited from celebrating Labor Day by President Medici. (B) of the civil and military extreme right against the redemocratizing measures of the President Figueiredo. (C) of the radical worker and student left against the anti-inflationary policy of the President Castelo Branco. (D) of the left sectors against the measures taken by President Ernesto Geisel that resulted in the April Pack. (E) of the urban guerrilla against the dictatorial measures of President Costa e Silva who put Congress on indefinite recess.
Question 09 - CFO PMMG 2005 - “... Figueiredo traveled all over the country, simulating an electoral campaign and throwing real pearls of his political thought to the press, always irrelevant and dangerous. The day after his choice, promoted on October 15, he would pronounce his most famous phrase:It's really to open. And whoever doesn't want it to open, I'll arrest and break it'." (Edgard Luiz de Barros. Military governments. São Paulo:Context , 1991. p. 89-90) Regarding the distension (opening) that occurred during the military regime in Brazil, it is CORRECT to say that:A. ( ) was initiated in the Figueiredo government through the repeal of Institutional Act Number 5. B. ( ) was initiated in the Geisel government in a slow, gradual and safe way so as not to provoke serious disturbances. C. ( ) was initiated in the Costa e Silva government through the elaboration of the April Package and the Falcão Law. D. ( ) was initiated in the Pedro Aleixo government in an abrupt way to prevent the advance of the left guerrillas.
Question 10 - Cefet MG 2014 - The long term of President João Batista Figueiredo (1979-85) was marked by economic difficulties and the exhaustion of the regime established in 1964. However, the political opening did not stop advancing, despite facing occasional manifestations of hostile radical segments. These are remarkable episodes in this context in Brazil, EXCEPT the (a) birth of a new party organization, which resulted in the emergence of new political parties. b) the advent of political amnesty, which led to the trial of military officers involved in repressive acts. c) political impact of the bombings in Riocentro, which revealed a growing division within the armed forces. d) emergence of direct elections for governors, which led to expressive opposition politicians to state power. e) emergence of metalworkers' strike movements, which demanded wage improvements and union rights.
Question 11 - PUCRS 2002.2 - INSTRUCTION:Answer the question based on the statements below, about the process of political opening during the João B. Figueiredo government (1979 – 1985). I. Despite the extinction of the Institutional Acts, the party system did not change before the end of the Figueiredo government. II. There was strong resistance to the process of political liberalization on the part of the military and civilian sectors known as “hardliners”. III. The Brazilian trade union movement, weakened and decentralized, remained oblivious to the process of political liberalization. IV. During the period, the Executive maintained the institutional power to decree a state of emergency or a state of siege without consulting the Legislature. By analyzing the statements, it is concluded that they are only correct A) I and II B) I and III C) I, III and IV D) II and III E) II and IV
Question 12 - ESPM 2014 - In authoritarian Brazil, evident signs of crisis. General Figueiredo's presidential term was coming to an end and there were fears that once again the president would be chosen by an electoral college, which should, as always, endorse the name indicated by those in power. To change this perspective, the opposition presented a constitutional amendment that intended to introduce direct elections. The Dante de Oliveira amendment, named after the PMDB deputy, from Mato Grosso, who presented it, was voted on under great popular expectations, after widespread popular mobilization in the DIRETAS – JÁ campaign. The decision of the National Congress, when voting (04/25/1984) in the Chamber of Deputies was:a) rejection, as the amendment required 2/3 of the members of Congress and 22 votes were missing to reach such a mark. b) approval, a result that guaranteed the victory of Tancredo Neves, the opposition candidate, in the direct elections for the presidency in 1985.c) approval, however the direct election for president would not be valid for the 1985 election and would only be valid in the election following.d) approval, however the intervention of the Armed Forces prevented the holding of the election.e) rejection, with the interference of the Armed Forces imposing the election of José Sarney, government candidate.
Question 13 - CEDAF – UFV 2018 - “On March 15, 1985, the last general to govern Brazil, João Figueiredo, refused to hand over the presidential sash to his successor or to solemnly descend the plateau ramp with the ceremonial – he chose to leave the palace through the of funds […]. With his authority eroded and the reputation of heading the most unpopular administration of the previous twenty years, his government also failed in the task assigned to it by its predecessor (Ernesto Geisel):to disengage the military from the control of the executive, without jeopardizing the project of country that had been implemented since 1964.”SCHWARCZ, Lilia; STARLING, Heloisa. Brazil:a biography. 1st ed. São Paulo:Companhia das Letras, 2015. p. 467-468. Adapted. Regarding the process of political opening that took place in the 1970s in Brazil, it is CORRECT to state:a) It began in the government of Emílio Garrastazu Médici, convinced that that moment was the most convenient to annul the repressive measures of his predecessors .b) He had as his most important instrument the position of bionic senator, representing the moment of greater participation of the Communist Party in the military-civil government. c) It occurred abruptly, from liberalizing measures such as direct elections for governors and president of the republic, placing Brazil in the ranking of democratic countries.d) It was the solution found to keep oppositions away from the executive power, guaranteeing the alternation of power between the regime's allies in a safe way.
Question 14 - COLÉGIO NAVAL 2014 - During the Figueiredo government (1979-1985), the process of political opening was deepened. The struggle for the end of the military regime and for redemocratization mobilized broad sectors of society. In 1983, a constitutional amendment was proposed that proposed direct elections for President of the Republic. From there, a campaign called "Diretas-Já!" was launched, bringing together hundreds of thousands of protesters in the streets. The amendment was not approved, but the path to full democracy was already established. Considering the historical period described in the text, mark the correct option. (A) Tancredo Neves won the indirect elections. However, one day after taking office, on March 15, 1985, he died suddenly. (B) The New Republic began with the victory of Tancredo Neves in the Electoral College and determined the transition from the military regime to democracy. (C) José Sarney, candidate for president by the Democratic Alliance, won Electoral College elections and became the first civilian president since 1964. (D) Tancredo Neves, first directly elected president since 1964 , did not take office due to health problems. (E) In government, José Sarney, contrary to society's expectations Brazil, maintained the indirect elections for President of the Republic.
INTRODUCTION 01 - E02 - C03 - C04 - A05 - D06 - D07 - A08 - B09 - B10 - B11 - E12 - A13 - D14 - B