Paper was invented in China during the Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD) by Cai Lun, a court official. Paper was originally made from hemp, but it was later made from other plant fibers, such as bamboo and rice straw. Paper allowed for the easy dissemination of information and played a key role in the development of Chinese civilization.
2. Compass
The compass was also invented in China during the Han Dynasty. The earliest compasses were made of lodestones, which are naturally magnetized pieces of iron ore. The compasses were used for navigation and divination. The compass was later introduced to Europe and other parts of the world, where it played a key role in the development of exploration and trade.
3. Gunpowder
Gunpowder was invented in China during the Han Dynasty. The earliest gunpowder was made from a mixture of sulfur, charcoal, and potassium nitrate. Gunpowder was originally used for fireworks and signaling, but it was later used in military weapons, such as guns and cannons. Gunpowder revolutionized warfare and had a profound impact on the course of history.
4. Seismograph
The seismograph was invented in China during the Han Dynasty. The earliest seismographs were made of bronze and used to record the movement of the earth during earthquakes. The seismograph was later improved upon by Chinese scientists and used to study the causes and effects of earthquakes. The seismograph is still used today to monitor seismic activity and to help predict earthquakes.
5. Waterwheel
The waterwheel was invented in China during the Han Dynasty. The earliest waterwheels were used to grind grain and to lift water for irrigation. The waterwheel was later introduced to Europe and other parts of the world, where it was used to power a variety of machines, such as mills and factories. The waterwheel played a key role in the development of the Industrial Revolution.