Bhakti movements primarily focused on fostering a deep personal connection and devotion (bhakti) to a chosen deity or supreme being. Their main purpose was to provide individuals with a spiritual path to salvation and liberation from the cycle of rebirth (samsara) through practices such as chanting, singing, meditation, yoga, and selfless service. These movements sought to make religion more accessible to common people, often using vernacular languages instead of Sanskrit, and emphasized the importance of faith, love, and surrender.