* Conflict between revolutionary France and the other European monarchies
* Expansionism of France under Napoleon Bonaparte
* Spread of nationalism and liberalism in Europe
* British opposition to French dominance of Europe
Timeline:
- 1803-1815
- Phases:
- Coalition Wars (1792–1802)
- Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815)
- War of the Sixth Coalition (1813–1814)
- War of the Seventh Coalition (1815)
Key events:
- French victories in Italy and Egypt (1796-1798)
- Battle of Austerlitz (1805)
- Battle of Trafalgar (1805)
- Invasion of Russia (1812)
- Battle of Leipzig (1813)
- Battle of Waterloo (1815)
Consequences:
- Defeat of Napoleon and restoration of the Bourbon monarchy in France
- Congress of Vienna (1815) and the reshaping of the European map
- Emergence of nationalism as a major political force in Europe
- Industrial Revolution accelerated
- Latin American independence movements
- Spread of liberal and democratic ideas