Temperature: Western Poland generally experiences milder winters compared to eastern Poland. The average winter temperatures in the west range from -1°C to 2°C (30°F to 36°F), while in the east, they can drop below -5°C (23°F) and reach as low as -10°C (14°F) or even lower.
Snowfall: Western Poland receives less snowfall compared to eastern Poland. The western regions may experience occasional snowfalls, but the snow cover is often not as heavy and tends to melt quickly. In contrast, eastern Poland experiences more frequent and heavier snowfalls, with snow accumulation that can last for several weeks or even months.
Blizzards: Eastern Poland is more prone to blizzards due to its proximity to the Eurasian continent and the Siberian weather patterns. Blizzards bring high winds, heavy snowfall, and reduced visibility, which can cause transportation disruptions and infrastructure damage. Western Poland experiences blizzards less frequently and with milder intensity.
Duration: Winters in eastern Poland tend to be longer than in western Poland. In the western regions, winter typically lasts from December to February, while in eastern Poland, it can extend from November to March.
Influence of the Baltic Sea: Western Poland is influenced by the Baltic Sea, which moderates the climate. The Baltic Sea releases heat into the atmosphere, keeping temperatures slightly warmer in the coastal areas compared to the inland regions. Eastern Poland is located farther from the sea and is more exposed to the cold continental air masses.
Overall, winters in western Poland are characterized by milder temperatures, less snowfall, and a shorter duration compared to winters in eastern Poland, which experiences colder temperatures, heavier snowfalls, and longer-lasting winter conditions.